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Official Description

Radiologic examination, spine; thoracic, 3 views

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

A radiologic examination of the thoracic spine, designated by CPT® Code 72072, involves the use of X-ray technology to capture images of the thoracic region of the spine. This procedure utilizes indirect ionizing radiation, which is effective in visualizing internal structures due to the varying densities and compositions of human tissues. The X-ray process allows for some radiation to be absorbed by denser materials, while less dense areas permit more radiation to pass through, resulting in a two-dimensional (2D) image that reveals the anatomical details of the thoracic spine. The primary purpose of conducting this examination is to assess conditions related to back pain or to investigate potential diseases or injuries affecting the thoracic spine. The examination typically includes three distinct views, which may encompass anteroposterior, lateral, and posteroanterior perspectives. Additionally, a swimmer's view may be employed for better visualization of the upper thoracic spine, where the patient positions their arms in a manner reminiscent of a swimming stroke. This comprehensive imaging approach aids healthcare professionals in diagnosing and formulating treatment plans for spinal conditions.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

Radiologic examination of the thoracic spine using CPT® Code 72072 is indicated for various clinical scenarios, particularly when there is a need to evaluate the thoracic spine for specific symptoms or conditions. The following indications are explicitly recognized for this procedure:

  • Back Pain: Patients presenting with unexplained or persistent back pain may require imaging to identify underlying causes.
  • Suspected Disease: The examination is performed when there is a suspicion of disease processes affecting the thoracic spine, such as infections, tumors, or degenerative conditions.
  • Injury Assessment: Following trauma or injury to the thoracic region, this imaging study helps in assessing any potential damage to the vertebrae or surrounding structures.

2. Procedure

The procedure for conducting a radiologic examination of the thoracic spine involves several key steps, ensuring comprehensive imaging for accurate diagnosis. The following procedural steps are outlined:

  • Step 1: Patient Positioning The patient is positioned appropriately to obtain the necessary views of the thoracic spine. This may involve lying supine or in a lateral position, depending on the specific views required.
  • Step 2: X-ray Exposure The radiologic technologist will use an X-ray machine to take images of the thoracic spine. For CPT® Code 72072, three distinct views are captured, which may include anteroposterior, lateral, and posteroanterior views. Each view is essential for providing a comprehensive assessment of the thoracic spine.
  • Step 3: Swimmer's View (if applicable) In cases where additional visualization of the upper thoracic spine is necessary, a swimmer's view may be performed. This involves the patient reaching one arm up and the other down, mimicking a swimming stroke, to enhance the clarity of the upper thoracic structures.
  • Step 4: Image Review After the X-rays are taken, the images are reviewed for quality and clarity. The radiologic technologist ensures that all necessary views are captured before the patient is released.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care for patients undergoing a radiologic examination of the thoracic spine is generally minimal, as the procedure is non-invasive and does not require any specific recovery time. Patients may resume their normal activities immediately following the examination. However, it is essential for healthcare providers to review the obtained images and provide the patient with any necessary follow-up instructions based on the findings. If any abnormalities are detected, further diagnostic testing or referrals may be recommended to address the underlying issues identified in the thoracic spine.

Short Descr X-RAY EXAM THORAC SPINE 3VWS
Medium Descr RADEX SPINE THORACIC 3 VIEWS
Long Descr Radiologic examination, spine; thoracic, 3 views
Status Code Active Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 0 - No payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator STV-Packaged Codes
ASC Payment Indicator Packaged service/item; no separate payment made.
Type of Service (TOS) 4 - Diagnostic Radiology
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) I1B - Standard imaging - musculoskeletal
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 226 - Other diagnostic radiology and related techniques
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
FY X-ray taken using computed radiography technology/cassette-based imaging
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
XP Separate practitioner, a service that is distinct because it was performed by a different practitioner
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
X4 Episodic/focused services: for reporting services by clinicians who provide focused care on particular types of treatment limited to a defined period and circumstance; the patient has a problem, acute or chronic, that will be treated with surgery, radiation, or some other type of generally time-limited intervention; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the orthopedic surgeon performing a knee replacement and seeing the patient through the postoperative period
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
92 Alternative laboratory platform testing: when laboratory testing is being performed using a kit or transportable instrument that wholly or in part consists of a single use, disposable analytical chamber, the service may be identified by adding modifier 92 to the usual laboratory procedure code (hiv testing 86701-86703, and 87389). the test does not require permanent dedicated space, hence by its design may be hand carried or transported to the vicinity of the patient for immediate testing at that site, although location of the testing is not in itself determinative of the use of this modifier.
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
CG Policy criteria applied
ET Emergency services
FX X-ray taken using film
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GX Notice of liability issued, voluntary under payer policy
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
MA Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to service being rendered to a patient with a suspected or confirmed emergency medical condition
MH Unknown if ordering professional consulted a clinical decision support mechanism for this service, related information was not provided to the furnishing professional or provider
PC Wrong surgery or other invasive procedure on patient
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
Q5 Service furnished under a reciprocal billing arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
QJ Services/items provided to a prisoner or patient in state or local custody, however the state or local government, as applicable, meets the requirements in 42 cfr 411.4 (b)
QQ Ordering professional consulted a qualified clinical decision support mechanism for this service and the related data was provided to the furnishing professional
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
SA Nurse practitioner rendering service in collaboration with a physician
Date
Action
Notes
2013-01-01 Changed Short Descriptor changed.
2009-01-01 Changed Code description changed
2001-01-01 Changed Code description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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