CPT® Code 72291

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Radiological supervision and interpretation, percutaneous vertebroplasty, vertebral augmentation, or sacral augmentation (sacroplasty), including cavity creation, per vertebral body or sacrum; under fluoroscopic guidance

The CPT® Code 72291 pertains to the radiological supervision and interpretation involved in percutaneous vertebroplasty, vertebral augmentation, or sacral augmentation (sacroplasty). These procedures are primarily aimed at stabilizing a vertebral body that has experienced collapse, compression, or fracture. The goal is to prevent further fractures and to maintain the normal height and function of the vertebra, ultimately providing relief from chronic pain. The procedure is performed under continuous fluoroscopic guidance, which allows for real-time imaging and monitoring throughout the intervention. This ensures precise placement of instruments and materials used during the procedure. The process may involve creating a cavity within the collapsed vertebra, often using inflatable instruments to restore the vertebral body’s height before injecting bone cement mixed with a contrast medium. This technique is crucial for visualizing the filling of the defect, ensuring that the bone cement adequately fills the intertrabecular bone marrow space. Following the injection, the needle is withdrawn, and if necessary, the procedure may be repeated on the opposite side. The physician is responsible for continuously monitoring the procedure using fluoroscopy and providing a comprehensive written report detailing the radiological aspects of the intervention.