CPT® Code 78282

Gastrointestinal protein loss, also known as protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), refers to a condition where there is an abnormal loss of protein from the gastrointestinal tract. This loss can be quantitatively assessed through imaging techniques such as scintigraphy, which utilizes a radiolabeled isotope tracer. The tracer is typically attached to human serum albumin (HSA) or dextran, allowing for the visualization of protein loss within the intestines. PLE is often associated with various gastrointestinal disorders, including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and ileocecal tuberculosis. Clinically, patients may present with symptoms such as edema, which is swelling due to fluid retention, and hypoalbuminemia, a condition characterized by low levels of albumin in the blood, all occurring in the absence of liver or kidney disease. The procedure involves establishing an intravenous line to administer the radiolabeled dextran directly into the bloodstream. Alternatively, a blood sample may be collected, processed to isolate the albumin, tagged with the isotope, and reintroduced into the patient. Following the injection, the patient undergoes imaging at specified intervals, allowing the physician to assess the extent of protein loss by observing the distribution of the tracer in the gastrointestinal tract. The results of this study are then interpreted by the physician, who provides a comprehensive written report detailing the findings.