CPT® Code 78315

Bone and/or joint imaging using a three-phase study, designated by CPT® Code 78315, is a diagnostic procedure that employs scintigraphy along with a radiolabeled isotope tracer to visualize and assess the condition of bones and joints. This imaging technique is particularly valuable in the diagnosis of conditions such as osteomyelitis, which is an infection of the bone, and fractures that may not be easily identifiable through standard imaging methods. The procedure begins with the establishment of an intravenous line, through which the radiolabeled isotope tracer is injected directly into the patient's circulatory system. This tracer allows for the visualization of blood flow and metabolic activity in the bones and joints. In cases where inflammation is suspected, a blood sample is drawn from the patient and processed to separate white blood cells (WBCs). These WBCs are then tagged with a radioactive calcium isotope and reintroduced into the patient’s body. The imaging process is divided into three distinct stages: Stage I, known as the nuclear angiogram or flow stage, captures images within the first 2 to 5 seconds post-injection, providing immediate insights into blood flow. Stage II, or the blood pool stage, involves imaging 5 minutes after the injection, allowing for the assessment of blood pooling in the affected area. Finally, Stage III, referred to as the delayed stage, captures images 2 to 3 hours after the injection, which is particularly useful for identifying chronic or partially treated pathologies. During the procedure, the patient is positioned on an imaging table, and a gamma camera is placed over the area of interest. The scanning is conducted at specific intervals corresponding to each stage, and the radioactive energy emitted from the tracer is converted into detailed images. The physician is responsible for interpreting the results of the three-phase bone and/or joint imaging study and will provide a comprehensive written report detailing the findings, which aids in the diagnosis and management of the patient's condition.