CPT® Code 78740

A ureteral reflux study, identified by CPT® Code 78740, is a diagnostic imaging procedure that utilizes scintigraphy and a radiolabeled isotope tracer to evaluate the presence of ureteral reflux, which is the abnormal backflow of urine from the bladder into the kidneys. This study is crucial for assessing the functionality of the vesicoureteral valves, which are responsible for preventing such backflow. The procedure can be performed using two distinct methodologies: direct radionucleotide cystography (DRC) and indirect radionucleotide cystography (IRC). In DRC, the bladder is catheterized, and the radiolabeled isotope tracer is instilled along with fluid to distend the bladder, allowing for observation of any retrograde movement of urine. Alternatively, in IRC, the radiolabeled isotope tracer is injected directly into the circulatory system, enabling imaging of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder, while also capturing any retrograde urine movement and bladder emptying. Prior to the procedure, the patient is adequately prepared, which may involve bladder catheterization for DRC or the insertion of an intravenous line for IRC. A gamma camera is then strategically positioned to capture detailed images of the urinary system. The scanning process occurs at predetermined intervals, during which the radioactive energy emitted from the tracer is converted into visual images. Following the completion of the study, the physician interprets the results and generates a comprehensive written report detailing the findings of the ureteral reflux study.