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Official Description

Positron emission tomography (PET) with concurrently acquired computed tomography (CT) for attenuation correction and anatomical localization imaging; limited area (eg, chest, head/neck)

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 78814 refers to a specialized imaging procedure known as positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT). This dual imaging technique is designed to enhance the accuracy of both functional and anatomical imaging. The PET scan focuses on visualizing soft tissue structures and provides insights into metabolic and chemical functions within the body. In contrast, the CT scan captures detailed images of both hard and soft tissue structures, allowing for a comprehensive view of the body's internal landscape. By fusing the images from these two modalities, healthcare professionals can obtain critical information about bone structures, organs, and any abnormal growths such as tumors. This combined approach is particularly beneficial in various clinical scenarios, including the staging of cancers, localization of seizure foci in the brain, and diagnosing infections or inflammatory conditions. Additionally, it serves as a valuable tool for ongoing surveillance of certain medical conditions. The procedure involves a careful administration of a radiolabeled isotope tracer through an intravenous line, which is essential for the PET scan. The imaging process is conducted with the patient positioned on an imaging table, ensuring optimal results. Following the PET scan, a CT scan is performed to provide further anatomical context, and the physician interprets the results, culminating in a comprehensive written report that details the findings from both imaging studies.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure associated with CPT® Code 78814 is indicated for several specific clinical scenarios, particularly when detailed imaging is required to assess various conditions. The following are the explicitly provided indications for this imaging technique:

  • Cancer Staging This procedure is utilized to determine the extent of cancer spread within the body, aiding in the development of an appropriate treatment plan.
  • Localization of Seizure Foci It assists in identifying specific areas in the brain that may be responsible for seizure activity, which is crucial for surgical planning or other interventions.
  • Diagnosis of Infection The imaging can help in detecting infections within soft tissues, providing valuable information for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Assessment of Inflammatory Processes It is used to evaluate inflammatory conditions, helping to differentiate between various causes of inflammation.
  • Intermittent Surveillance The procedure is also indicated for ongoing monitoring of certain medical conditions and diseases, ensuring timely intervention when necessary.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 78814 involves several critical steps that ensure accurate imaging results. Each step is essential for the successful execution of the PET/CT scan:

  • Step 1: Establishing an Intravenous Line An intravenous line is established to facilitate the administration of a radiolabeled isotope tracer. This tracer is crucial for the PET scan, as it allows for the visualization of metabolic activity within the body.
  • Step 2: Injection of Radiolabeled Isotope Tracer The radiolabeled isotope tracer is injected directly into the patient's circulatory system. This tracer accumulates in areas of high metabolic activity, such as tumors, providing the necessary contrast for the PET scan.
  • Step 3: Performing the PET Scan With the patient positioned on the imaging table, the PET scan is conducted. This scan captures images that reflect the functional activity of soft tissues, highlighting areas of concern based on the tracer distribution.
  • Step 4: Review and Identification of Areas for CT After the PET scan, the physician reviews the images to identify specific areas that require CT attenuation correction and anatomical localization. This step is crucial for ensuring that the CT scan is focused on the relevant anatomical structures.
  • Step 5: Performing the CT Scan Following the identification of areas of interest, the CT scan is performed. This scan provides detailed anatomical images that complement the functional data obtained from the PET scan.
  • Step 6: Interpretation and Reporting Finally, the physician interprets the combined findings from both the PET and CT scans. A comprehensive written report is generated, detailing the results and any significant observations made during the imaging process.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the PET/CT scan, there are several important considerations for post-procedure care. Patients may be monitored for any immediate reactions to the radiolabeled tracer, although serious side effects are rare. It is generally recommended that patients hydrate adequately to help flush the tracer from their system. The physician will review the imaging results and provide a detailed report, which may include recommendations for further evaluation or treatment based on the findings. Patients should follow up with their healthcare provider to discuss the results and any necessary next steps in their care plan.

Short Descr PET IMAGE W/CT LMTD
Medium Descr PET IMAGING CT FOR ATTENUATION LIMITED AREA
Long Descr Positron emission tomography (PET) with concurrently acquired computed tomography (CT) for attenuation correction and anatomical localization imaging; limited area (eg, chest, head/neck)
Status Code Carriers Price the Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 0 - No payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Procedure or Service, Not Discounted when Multiple
ASC Payment Indicator Radiology service paid separately when provided integral to a surgical procedure on ASC list; payment based on OPPS relative payment weight.
Type of Service (TOS) 4 - Diagnostic Radiology
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) I2D - Advanced imaging - MRI/MRA: other
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 209 - Radioisotope scan and function studies
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
PI Positron emission tomography (pet) or pet/computed tomography (ct) to inform the initial treatment strategy of tumors that are biopsy proven or strongly suspected of being cancerous based on other diagnostic testing
PS Positron emission tomography (pet) or pet/computed tomography (ct) to inform the subsequent treatment strategy of cancerous tumors when the beneficiary's treating physician determines that the pet study is needed to inform subsequent anti-tumor strategy
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
Q0 Investigational clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
MG The order for this service does not have applicable appropriate use criteria in the qualified clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
MH Unknown if ordering professional consulted a clinical decision support mechanism for this service, related information was not provided to the furnishing professional or provider
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
53 Discontinued procedure: under certain circumstances, the physician or other qualified health care professional may elect to terminate a surgical or diagnostic procedure. due to extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well being of the patient, it may be necessary to indicate that a surgical or diagnostic procedure was started but discontinued. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 53 to the code reported by the individual for the discontinued procedure. note: this modifier is not used to report the elective cancellation of a procedure prior to the patient's anesthesia induction and/or surgical preparation in the operating suite. for outpatient hospital/ambulatory surgery center (asc) reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
KX Requirements specified in the medical policy have been met
MA Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to service being rendered to a patient with a suspected or confirmed emergency medical condition
MC Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to the significant hardship exception of electronic health record or clinical decision support mechanism vendor issues
ME The order for this service adheres to appropriate use criteria in the clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
MF The order for this service does not adhere to the appropriate use criteria in the clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
PL Progressive addition lenses
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
QQ Ordering professional consulted a qualified clinical decision support mechanism for this service and the related data was provided to the furnishing professional
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2011-01-01 Changed Short description changed.
2008-01-01 Changed Code description changed.
2005-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 2005.
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