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Official Description

Drug test(s), presumptive, any number of drug classes, any number of devices or procedures; read by instrument assisted direct optical observation (eg, utilizing immunoassay [eg, dipsticks, cups, cards, or cartridges]), includes sample validation when performed, per date of service

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 80306 refers to a laboratory procedure designed for the presumptive testing of drugs in a patient's system. This test is utilized to detect the presence or absence of various drug classes during a specific medical encounter. Presumptive drug testing serves as an initial screening method, which is typically followed by more definitive testing to identify specific drugs and their quantitative levels. It is important to note that presumptive testing does not provide qualitative identification of individual drugs or the exact amounts present in the sample. The procedure involves obtaining a sample, which is usually blood or urine, through a separately reported procedure. The methodologies employed in this testing include immunoassays, chromatography, and mass spectrometry, which are essential for accurate detection and analysis. The code 80306 specifically indicates that the presumptive drug testing is performed using FDA-specified equipment that supports moderate complexity testing methodologies, with the results being read through instrument-assisted direct optical observation. This includes the use of various devices such as dipsticks, cups, cards, or cartridges, and may also involve sample validation processes when applicable.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The CPT® Code 80306 is indicated for use in situations where there is a need to screen for the presence of drugs in a patient's system. This may include, but is not limited to, the following conditions:

  • Substance Abuse Evaluation Screening for potential substance abuse in patients presenting with behavioral changes or other clinical indications.
  • Medication Monitoring Monitoring patients who are prescribed controlled substances to ensure compliance with treatment regimens.
  • Pre-employment Screening Conducting drug tests as part of pre-employment evaluations to ensure a drug-free workplace.
  • Legal or Forensic Testing Performing drug tests for legal purposes, such as court-ordered evaluations or probation requirements.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 80306 involves several key steps that ensure accurate drug testing. The following outlines the procedural steps:

  • Step 1: Sample Collection A sample, typically urine or blood, is collected from the patient. This step is crucial as it provides the biological material needed for testing. The collection must be performed in a manner that maintains the integrity of the sample.
  • Step 2: Sample Validation If applicable, sample validation is performed to confirm the quality of the specimen. This may include tests for pH, nitrite, and specific gravity, which help ensure that the sample is suitable for analysis.
  • Step 3: Testing Methodology The collected sample is then subjected to presumptive drug testing using FDA-specified equipment. This involves the use of moderate complexity testing methodologies, which may include immunoassays and other techniques that allow for the detection of various drug classes.
  • Step 4: Instrument-Assisted Observation The results of the drug test are read through instrument-assisted direct optical observation. This method enhances the accuracy of the results by utilizing devices such as dipsticks, cups, cards, or cartridges designed for this purpose.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the drug testing procedure under CPT® Code 80306, the results are typically reviewed and interpreted by qualified healthcare professionals. Depending on the findings, further actions may be required, such as additional confirmatory testing for definitive drug identification. Patients may also receive counseling or referrals based on the results of the test. It is essential to document the results and any subsequent actions taken in the patient's medical record to ensure continuity of care and compliance with regulatory requirements.

Short Descr DRUG TEST PRSMV INSTRMNT
Medium Descr DRUG TST PRSMV READ INSTRMNT ASSTD DIR OPT OBS
Long Descr Drug test(s), presumptive, any number of drug classes, any number of devices or procedures; read by instrument assisted direct optical observation (eg, utilizing immunoassay [eg, dipsticks, cups, cards, or cartridges]), includes sample validation when performed, per date of service
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1C - Lab tests - urinalysis
MUE 1
Q5 Service furnished under a reciprocal billing arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
GT Via interactive audio and video telecommunication systems
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
HK Specialized mental health programs for high-risk populations
QE Prescribed amount of stationary oxygen while at rest is less than 1 liter per minute (lpm)
QW Clia waived test
X2 Continuous/focused services: for reporting services by clinicians whose expertise is needed for the ongoing management of a chronic disease or a condition that needs to be managed and followed with no planned endpoint to the relationship; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to: a rheumatologist taking care of the patient's rheumatoid arthritis longitudinally but not providing general primary care services
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
Date
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Notes
2018-01-01 Changed Long and medium descriptions changed.
2017-01-01 Added Added
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