Coding Ahead
CasePilot
Medical Coding Assistant
Case2Code
Search and Code Lookup Tool
CareerCenter
Medical Coding Job Board
Log in Register free account

Need help choosing the right code?

Ask CasePilot about procedures, modifiers, bundling, and coding guidance.

Try CasePilot

Official Description

Infectious disease, bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis, quantitative real-time amplification of DNA markers for Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Megasphaera type 1, Bacterial Vaginosis Associated Bacteria-2 (BVAB-2), and Lactobacillus species (L. crispatus and L. jensenii), utilizing vaginal-fluid specimens, algorithm reported as a positive or negative for high likelihood of bacterial vaginosis, includes separate detection of Trichomonas vaginalis and/or Candida species (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. dubliniensis), Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, when reported

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 81514 pertains to a diagnostic test used to identify bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis through a quantitative real-time amplification of specific DNA markers. This test targets several key organisms associated with these conditions, including Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Megasphaera type 1, and Bacterial Vaginosis Associated Bacteria-2 (BVAB-2), as well as Lactobacillus species such as L. crispatus and L. jensenii. The procedure utilizes vaginal-fluid specimens to perform a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), which is a highly sensitive method for detecting the presence of these microorganisms. The results of the test are reported as either positive or negative, indicating a high likelihood of bacterial vaginosis. Additionally, the test includes the separate detection of Trichomonas vaginalis and various Candida species, such as C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. dubliniensis, Candida glabrata, and Candida krusei, when these are reported. This comprehensive approach allows for a detailed understanding of the microbial composition in the vaginal environment, which is crucial for diagnosing and managing conditions related to vaginitis.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The CPT® Code 81514 is indicated for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis, conditions characterized by an imbalance in the normal vaginal flora. The test is particularly useful in the following scenarios:

  • Bacterial Vaginosis: This condition is the most common cause of vaginitis and is associated with a shift in the vaginal microbiome, leading to an increase in anaerobic bacteria and a decrease in protective lactobacilli.
  • Vaginitis Symptoms: Patients presenting with symptoms such as abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, itching, or irritation may be evaluated for bacterial vaginosis and other related infections.
  • Risk of Complications: The test is also indicated for individuals at risk of complications from bacterial vaginosis, including pelvic inflammatory disease, increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and adverse reproductive outcomes such as spontaneous abortion and preterm delivery.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 81514 involves several detailed steps to ensure accurate detection of the targeted microorganisms. The process begins with the collection of a vaginal fluid specimen, which is essential for the subsequent analysis. Once the sample is obtained, the DNA from the vaginal swab is isolated and purified to remove any contaminants that may interfere with the test results.

  • Sample Preparation: After isolation, oligonucleotide probes and primers that contain specific markers with fluorescent dyes are added to the purified DNA. These probes are designed to bind to the nucleic acid target sequences of the organisms of interest.
  • Amplification Process: The real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique is then employed to amplify the target DNA segments. This method allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple organisms, including Trichomonas vaginalis and various Candida species.
  • Real-Time Monitoring: The sample is placed in an RT-PCR machine, where it undergoes a series of chemical reactions. During each cycle of amplification, the amount of target DNA doubles, and as new copies are generated, the specific probes attached to them emit fluorescence. This fluorescence is measured in real-time by the computer system.
  • Result Interpretation: When the fluorescence reaches a predetermined threshold, it confirms the presence of the specific microbe. An algorithm is then applied to interpret the results, providing a positive or negative indication of the high likelihood of bacterial vaginosis.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the procedure associated with CPT® Code 81514, the results are typically available within a short timeframe, allowing for timely diagnosis and management of the patient's condition. It is important for healthcare providers to discuss the results with the patient, including any necessary follow-up actions or treatments based on the findings. Additionally, clinicians should consider the patient's clinical history and symptoms when interpreting the results, as the presence of certain microorganisms may not always correlate with clinical disease. Proper documentation of the procedure and results is essential for compliance and billing purposes.

Short Descr NFCT DS BV&VAGINITIS DNA ALG
Medium Descr NFCT DS BCT VAGINOSIS&VAGINITIS DNA VAG FLU ALG
Long Descr Infectious disease, bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis, quantitative real-time amplification of DNA markers for Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Megasphaera type 1, Bacterial Vaginosis Associated Bacteria-2 (BVAB-2), and Lactobacillus species (L. crispatus and L. jensenii), utilizing vaginal-fluid specimens, algorithm reported as a positive or negative for high likelihood of bacterial vaginosis, includes separate detection of Trichomonas vaginalis and/or Candida species (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. dubliniensis), Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, when reported
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Service Paid under Fee Schedule or Payment System other than OPPS
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) none
MUE 1
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
QW Clia waived test
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2021-01-01 Added Code added.
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
CasePilot

Get instant expert-level medical coding assistance.

Ask about:
CPT Codes Guidelines Modifiers Crosswalks NCCI Edits Compliance Medicare Coverage
Example: "What is CPT code 99213?" or "Guidelines for E/M services"