CPT® Code 81552

Oncology (uveal melanoma), mRNA, gene expression profiling by real-time RT-PCR of 15 genes (12 content and 3 housekeeping), utilizing fine needle aspirate or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, algorithm reported as risk of metastasis

The CPT® Code 81552 pertains to a specialized molecular genetic test used in the evaluation of uveal melanoma, a rare type of eye cancer that originates in the uveal tract. This procedure involves the analysis of messenger RNA (mRNA) extracted from either fine needle aspirate samples or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens. The test specifically examines the expression of 15 genes, which includes 12 content genes that are directly related to the disease and 3 housekeeping genes that serve as controls to ensure the accuracy of the test results. The primary purpose of this gene expression profiling is to assess the risk of metastasis, which is the spread of cancer to other parts of the body. Uveal melanoma has a significant metastatic potential, with studies indicating that approximately 50% of patients may develop metastases within three years of diagnosis. By utilizing real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), this test quantifies the levels of mRNA at a specific time, providing insights into the current status of the disease. The results are interpreted through an algorithm that generates a risk score, which aids healthcare providers in predicting the likelihood of metastasis and making informed decisions regarding treatment options.