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Official Description

Calculus; infrared spectroscopy

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 82365 refers to a laboratory test that utilizes infrared spectroscopy to analyze the composition of renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones. This procedure is essential for understanding the specific materials that constitute the stones formed in the kidneys. As the kidneys filter blood and produce urine, various chemicals can precipitate, leading to the formation of crystals. These crystals may consist of minerals, cysteine, or a combination of both. The presence of kidney stones can result in significant complications, including obstruction of urine and blood flow within the kidneys, or they may dislodge and travel down the ureters. This movement can stretch, irritate, and damage the walls of the ureters, causing pain and potential further medical issues. To perform the analysis of the calculi, urine is collected in a clean container and subsequently strained through a fine mesh to capture the stones. Once collected, the calculi are transported to a laboratory for further examination. Typically, a qualitative analysis of the stones is conducted first, which is documented separately. Following this, samples from the surface, core, and cross-section of the stones are taken for detailed analysis using infrared spectrometry, as indicated by CPT® Code 82365. Alternatively, the stones may also be analyzed using roentgenogram (X-ray) diffraction, which is documented under CPT® Code 82370, to create a diffractogram. The results of these analyses are then compared against a comprehensive database of known stone composition materials, allowing for an accurate determination of the specific composition of the calculi.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure associated with CPT® Code 82365 is indicated for the analysis of renal calculi, which are commonly referred to as kidney stones. The following conditions and symptoms may warrant this laboratory test:

  • Presence of Kidney Stones: Patients exhibiting symptoms of kidney stones, such as severe flank pain, hematuria (blood in urine), or urinary obstruction, may require analysis to determine the composition of the stones.
  • Recurrent Kidney Stones: Individuals with a history of recurrent kidney stones may undergo this test to identify the specific type of stones formed, which can aid in developing a targeted prevention strategy.
  • Assessment of Stone Composition: The analysis is crucial for understanding the chemical makeup of the stones, which can influence treatment options and dietary recommendations.

2. Procedure

The procedure for analyzing renal calculi using infrared spectroscopy involves several key steps, which are detailed below:

  • Collection of Urine: The first step in the procedure is the collection of urine in a clean container. This urine is then strained through a fine mesh to capture any renal calculi present in the sample.
  • Collection of Calculi: The calculi that are collected during the straining process are placed into a separate container for transport to the laboratory. It is essential that the stones are handled carefully to avoid contamination.
  • Qualitative Analysis: Upon arrival at the laboratory, a qualitative analysis of the stones is performed. This initial analysis is documented separately and provides a preliminary understanding of the stone's characteristics.
  • Sampling for Infrared Spectrometry: After the qualitative analysis, samples are taken from the surface, core, and cross-section of the stones. These samples are prepared for analysis using infrared spectrometry, which is the primary method indicated by CPT® Code 82365.
  • Comparison with Database: The results obtained from the infrared spectrometry are then compared to a known database of possible stone composition materials. This comparison allows for an accurate determination of the specific composition of the calculi.

3. Post-Procedure

After the analysis is completed, the results will be documented and reported to the requesting physician. The findings can provide valuable insights into the type of kidney stones present, which can inform treatment decisions and preventive measures. Patients may be advised on dietary changes or medications based on the composition of their stones to help prevent future occurrences. Additionally, any necessary follow-up appointments or further diagnostic tests may be scheduled based on the results of the analysis.

Short Descr CALCULUS SPECTROSCOPY
Medium Descr CALCULUS INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Long Descr Calculus; infrared spectroscopy
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 2
CCS Clinical Classification 233 - Laboratory - Chemistry and Hematology
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
PD Diagnostic or related non diagnostic item or service provided in a wholly owned or operated entity to a patient who is admitted as an inpatient within 3 days
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
Date
Action
Notes
2002-01-01 Changed Code description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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Description
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