Coding Ahead
CasePilot
Medical Coding Assistant
Case2Code
Search and Code Lookup Tool
CareerCenter
Medical Coding Job Board
Log in Register free account

Need help choosing the right code?

Ask CasePilot about procedures, modifiers, bundling, and coding guidance.

Try CasePilot

Official Description

Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12);

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Cyanocobalamin, also known as Vitamin B-12, is a vital nutrient that belongs to the B-12 vitamin family. It is essential for various bodily functions, including metabolism, the production of red blood cells, and the proper functioning of the nervous system. The measurement of blood levels of cyanocobalamin is crucial for diagnosing and managing conditions that may lead to deficiencies. Such deficiencies can occur in individuals with pernicious anemia, other forms of anemia, those adhering to a strict vegan diet, individuals with chronic infections like HIV, and pregnant women. To assess the levels of cyanocobalamin in the blood, a blood sample is collected through a procedure known as venipuncture, which is reported separately. The serum obtained from this sample is then analyzed using a quantitative chemiluminescent immunoassay, a sensitive method that allows for accurate measurement of vitamin levels in the bloodstream.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The measurement of cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12) levels is indicated in various clinical scenarios, particularly when there is a suspicion of deficiency or related health conditions. The following are specific indications for performing this test:

  • Pernicious Anemia - A condition where the body cannot absorb vitamin B-12 due to a lack of intrinsic factor, leading to reduced levels of cyanocobalamin.
  • Other Forms of Anemia - Various anemias may result in decreased levels of vitamin B-12, necessitating testing to determine the cause.
  • Strict Vegan Diet - Individuals following a vegan diet may be at risk for vitamin B-12 deficiency, as this vitamin is primarily found in animal products.
  • Chronic Infections - Conditions such as HIV can affect nutrient absorption and metabolism, leading to potential deficiencies.
  • Pregnancy - Increased nutritional demands during pregnancy may warrant monitoring of vitamin B-12 levels to ensure maternal and fetal health.

2. Procedure

The procedure for measuring cyanocobalamin levels involves several key steps, which are outlined below:

  • Step 1: Patient Preparation - Prior to the blood draw, the patient may be instructed to avoid certain medications or supplements that could interfere with the test results. It is essential to ensure that the patient is adequately informed about the procedure.
  • Step 2: Venipuncture - A qualified healthcare professional performs venipuncture to obtain a blood sample. This involves inserting a needle into a vein, typically in the arm, to collect the necessary volume of blood for testing. The procedure is performed using sterile techniques to minimize the risk of infection.
  • Step 3: Sample Handling - Once the blood sample is collected, it is processed to separate the serum from the cellular components. This step is crucial for accurate testing, as the serum contains the cyanocobalamin that will be measured.
  • Step 4: Laboratory Analysis - The serum is then subjected to a quantitative chemiluminescent immunoassay in the laboratory. This advanced testing method allows for precise measurement of cyanocobalamin levels in the blood, providing valuable information for diagnosis and treatment.

3. Post-Procedure

After the blood sample has been collected, there are generally no specific post-procedure care requirements for the patient. However, it is advisable for the patient to apply pressure to the venipuncture site to minimize bruising and bleeding. Patients may resume normal activities immediately following the procedure. The results of the cyanocobalamin level test will typically be available within a few days, and healthcare providers will discuss the findings with the patient to determine any necessary follow-up actions or treatments based on the results.

Short Descr VITAMIN B-12
Medium Descr CYANOCOBALAMIN VITAMIN B-12
Long Descr Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12);
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 233 - Laboratory - Chemistry and Hematology
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
Q4 Service for ordering/referring physician qualifies as a service exemption
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
AY Item or service furnished to an esrd patient that is not for the treatment of esrd
PD Diagnostic or related non diagnostic item or service provided in a wholly owned or operated entity to a patient who is admitted as an inpatient within 3 days
32 Mandated services: services related to mandated consultation and/or related services (eg, third party payer, governmental, legislative or regulatory requirement) may be identified by adding modifier 32 to the basic procedure.
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
93 Synchronous telemedicine service rendered via telephone or other real-time interactive audio-only telecommunications system : synchronous telemedicine service is defined as a real-time interaction between a physician or other qualified health care professional and a patient who is located away at a distant site from the physician or other qualified health care professional. the totality of the communication of information exchanged between the physician or other qualified health care professional and the patient during the course of the synchronous telemedicine service must be of an amount and nature that is sufficient to meet the key components and/or requirements of the same service when rendered via a face-to-face interaction.
95 Synchronous telemedicine service rendered via a real-time interactive audio and video telecommunications system: synchronous telemedicine service is defined as a real-time interaction between a physician or other qualified health care professional and a patient who is located at a distant site from the physician or other qualified health care professional. the totality of the communication of information exchanged between the physician or other qualified health care professional and the patient during the course of the synchronous telemedicine service must be of an amount and nature that would be sufficient to meet the key components and/or requirements of the same service when rendered via a face-to-face interaction. modifier 95 may only be appended to the services listed in appendix p. appendix p is the list of cpt codes for services that are typically performed face-to-face, but may be rendered via a real-time (synchronous) interactive audio and video telecommunications system.
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
GB Claim being re-submitted for payment because it is no longer covered under a global payment demonstration
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GE This service has been performed by a resident without the presence of a teaching physician under the primary care exception
GT Via interactive audio and video telecommunication systems
GU Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, routine notice
GX Notice of liability issued, voluntary under payer policy
JZ Zero drug amount discarded/not administered to any patient
KX Requirements specified in the medical policy have been met
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
PN Non-excepted service provided at an off-campus, outpatient, provider-based department of a hospital
Q0 Investigational clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
Q5 Service furnished under a reciprocal billing arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
QJ Services/items provided to a prisoner or patient in state or local custody, however the state or local government, as applicable, meets the requirements in 42 cfr 411.4 (b)
QW Clia waived test
SA Nurse practitioner rendering service in collaboration with a physician
TR School-based individualized education program (iep) services provided outside the public school district responsible for the student
X1 Continuous/broad services: for reporting services by clinicians, who provide the principal care for a patient, with no planned endpoint of the relationship; services in this category represent comprehensive care, dealing with the entire scope of patient problems, either directly or in a care coordination role; reporting clinician service examples include, but are not limited to: primary care, and clinicians providing comprehensive care to patients in addition to specialty care
X2 Continuous/focused services: for reporting services by clinicians whose expertise is needed for the ongoing management of a chronic disease or a condition that needs to be managed and followed with no planned endpoint to the relationship; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to: a rheumatologist taking care of the patient's rheumatoid arthritis longitudinally but not providing general primary care services
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2010-01-01 Changed Code description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
CasePilot

Get instant expert-level medical coding assistance.

Ask about:
CPT Codes Guidelines Modifiers Crosswalks NCCI Edits Compliance Medicare Coverage
Example: "What is CPT code 99213?" or "Guidelines for E/M services"