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Official Description

Glucose; tolerance test, each additional beyond 3 specimens (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The glucose tolerance test (GTT) is a laboratory procedure designed to assess how well the body processes glucose, a vital sugar that serves as a primary energy source for cells. This test is particularly important in diagnosing conditions such as gestational diabetes, diabetes mellitus, and impaired glucose tolerance. It may also be utilized to evaluate lactose intolerance and malabsorption disorders. The test begins with the patient fasting for at least 8 hours to ensure accurate baseline measurements of blood glucose levels. A baseline blood sample is collected through venipuncture, which is a standard method for obtaining blood samples. Following this, the patient ingests a specified amount of concentrated glucose, typically 75 grams for non-pregnant individuals and 100 grams for pregnant patients, in the form of a drink known as Glucola. Subsequent blood samples are taken at designated intervals—60, 120, and 180 minutes post-ingestion—to monitor the body's glucose response. The plasma from these samples is analyzed using a quantitative enzymatic method to determine glucose levels. For testing related to lactose intolerance and malabsorption, a different protocol is followed, where a baseline sample is taken, and a 50-gram glucose dose is administered, with blood samples collected at 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes. The first three blood samples collected during the GTT are reported using CPT® code 82951, while any additional samples beyond the initial three are reported using CPT® code 82952, which is specifically designated for each additional specimen collected during the test.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The glucose tolerance test (GTT) is indicated for the following conditions:

  • Gestational Diabetes - The test is performed to diagnose diabetes that develops during pregnancy.
  • Diabetes Mellitus - It is used to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes, particularly when initial screening tests yield positive results.
  • Impaired Glucose Tolerance - The GTT helps identify individuals who may be at risk of developing diabetes in the future.
  • Lactose Intolerance - The test can assist in diagnosing lactose intolerance by measuring glucose response after lactose ingestion.
  • Malabsorption Disorders - It is utilized to evaluate conditions that affect the body's ability to absorb glucose properly.

2. Procedure

The glucose tolerance test involves several key procedural steps to ensure accurate measurement of blood glucose levels:

  • Step 1: Fasting Preparation - The patient must fast for a minimum of 8 hours prior to the test to establish a baseline blood glucose level. This fasting period is crucial for obtaining reliable results.
  • Step 2: Baseline Blood Sample Collection - A blood sample is obtained through venipuncture to measure the baseline blood glucose level. This initial measurement serves as a reference point for subsequent tests.
  • Step 3: Administration of Glucose - The patient is given a concentrated glucose solution, typically 75 grams for non-pregnant individuals and 100 grams for pregnant patients. This solution is known as Glucola and is ingested to stimulate the body's glucose response.
  • Step 4: Subsequent Blood Sample Collections - Blood samples are collected at specific intervals—60, 120, and 180 minutes after glucose ingestion. Each sample is obtained through separate venipuncture to monitor how the body processes the glucose over time.
  • Step 5: Testing for Lactose Intolerance and Malabsorption - In cases where lactose intolerance or malabsorption disorders are being evaluated, a baseline blood glucose level is obtained, followed by the administration of a 50-gram glucose dose. Blood samples are then collected at 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-ingestion.
  • Step 6: Plasma Testing - The collected plasma samples are analyzed using a quantitative enzymatic method to determine glucose levels, providing insight into the patient's glucose metabolism.

3. Post-Procedure

After the glucose tolerance test is completed, patients may resume normal activities unless otherwise directed by their healthcare provider. It is important to monitor for any symptoms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia following the test. The results of the test will be reviewed by the physician to determine if further action is necessary, such as lifestyle modifications or additional testing. Patients should be informed about the importance of following up with their healthcare provider to discuss the results and any potential implications for their health.

Short Descr GTT-ADDED SAMPLES
Medium Descr GLUCOSE TOLERANCE EA ADDL BEYOND 3 SPECIMENS
Long Descr Glucose; tolerance test, each additional beyond 3 specimens (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) Yes
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1E - Lab tests - glucose
MUE 3
CCS Clinical Classification 233 - Laboratory - Chemistry and Hematology

This is an add-on code that must be used in conjunction with one of these primary codes.

82951 MPFS Status: Statutory exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies) APC A PUB 100 CPT Assistant Article Glucose; tolerance test (GTT), 3 specimens (includes glucose)
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
QW Clia waived test
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
Q5 Service furnished under a reciprocal billing arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2011-01-01 Changed Add-on code status changed. Long description revised. Medium description changed. Guideline information changed.
2010-01-01 Changed Code description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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