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Official Description

Osmolality; urine

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 83935 refers to the measurement of osmolality in urine. Osmolality is a critical laboratory test that quantifies the concentration of solutes in a fluid, which in this case is urine. Solutes are substances that dissolve in a liquid, and in urine, these include various particles such as sodium, chloride, potassium, urea, and glucose. The osmolality of urine is indicative of the kidney's ability to concentrate or dilute urine, which is essential for maintaining fluid balance in the body. The testing of osmolality can be performed using two primary methodologies: freezing point depression and vapor pressure osmometry. These methods rely on the principle that the presence of solutes lowers the freezing point of a liquid compared to pure water. A higher concentration of solutes in the urine results in a lower freezing point, which can be measured and reported as osmolality. This test is often performed alongside blood osmolality measurements to provide a comprehensive assessment of a patient's fluid status and kidney function, particularly in cases of suspected electrolyte imbalances or renal impairment.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The osmolality test for urine (CPT® Code 83935) is indicated for several clinical scenarios, particularly when evaluating a patient's fluid balance and kidney function. The following conditions may warrant this test:

  • Fluid Balance Evaluation This test helps assess the body's hydration status and the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine, which is crucial in diagnosing conditions related to fluid overload or dehydration.
  • Kidney Function Assessment Urine osmolality is measured to evaluate the kidneys' ability to filter and concentrate urine, which can indicate renal function and potential kidney disorders.
  • Monitoring of Electrolyte Imbalances The test is useful in the context of suspected electrolyte disturbances, such as hyponatremia, where low sodium levels in the blood may affect urine concentration.
  • Assessment of Diabetes Insipidus In cases of suspected diabetes insipidus, urine osmolality can help differentiate between central and nephrogenic forms of the condition.

2. Procedure

The procedure for measuring urine osmolality (CPT® Code 83935) involves the following steps:

  • Specimen Collection A random urine specimen is collected from the patient. This can be done at any time of the day, and the collection method should ensure that the sample is not contaminated. Proper labeling and handling of the specimen are essential to maintain its integrity for accurate testing.
  • Laboratory Analysis The collected urine sample is then analyzed in a laboratory setting. The osmolality is determined using either freezing point depression or vapor pressure osmometry. In freezing point depression, the sample is cooled, and the temperature at which it freezes is measured. In vapor pressure osmometry, the vapor pressure of the urine sample is measured, which correlates with the concentration of solutes present.
  • Result Interpretation After analysis, the results are interpreted by healthcare professionals. The osmolality value is reported, and it may be compared to serum osmolality values to assess the ratio of urine to serum osmolality, which can provide further insights into the patient's hydration status and kidney function.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care for urine osmolality testing is minimal, as the test is non-invasive and does not require any specific recovery time. Patients can resume their normal activities immediately after specimen collection. However, it is important for healthcare providers to discuss the results with the patient, explaining any necessary follow-up tests or treatments based on the findings. Additionally, if the urine osmolality results indicate abnormal levels, further evaluation may be warranted to determine the underlying cause and appropriate management strategies.

Short Descr ASSAY OF URINE OSMOLALITY
Medium Descr ASSAY OF OSMOLALITY URINE
Long Descr Osmolality; urine
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 2
CCS Clinical Classification 233 - Laboratory - Chemistry and Hematology
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
PD Diagnostic or related non diagnostic item or service provided in a wholly owned or operated entity to a patient who is admitted as an inpatient within 3 days
Q4 Service for ordering/referring physician qualifies as a service exemption
QJ Services/items provided to a prisoner or patient in state or local custody, however the state or local government, as applicable, meets the requirements in 42 cfr 411.4 (b)
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
Date
Action
Notes
2013-01-01 Changed Medium Descriptor changed.
2011-01-01 Changed Guideline information changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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Description
Code
Description
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