CPT® Code 83950

The HER-2/neu oncoprotein is a significant cell surface growth factor receptor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of normal cell division and growth. This protein is primarily expressed on the membranes of certain epithelial cells, where it functions to facilitate communication between cells and promote healthy cellular activities. However, when there is an abnormal increase in the number of HER-2/neu proto-oncogenes within the cell nucleus, it leads to the overproduction of this oncoprotein. This overexpression can result in accelerated cell growth rates and mutations, ultimately contributing to the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells. To assess the presence and quantity of HER-2/neu oncoprotein, immunohistochemistry methods are employed. These methods utilize specific antibodies that bind to the HER-2/neu protein, followed by a staining process that allows for the visualization and quantification of the oncoprotein on the cell membrane. This evaluation is critical for understanding the potential for malignancy and guiding treatment decisions in oncology.