Coding Ahead
CasePilot
Medical Coding Assistant
Case2Code
Search and Code Lookup Tool
CareerCenter
Medical Coding Job Board
Log in Register free account

Need help choosing the right code?

Ask CasePilot about procedures, modifiers, bundling, and coding guidance.

Try CasePilot

Official Description

Phenylalanine (PKU), blood

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid that is naturally present in many protein-containing foods. The CPT® Code 84030 refers to a blood test specifically designed to measure the levels of phenylalanine in the bloodstream. This test is crucial for identifying individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). When this enzyme is nonfunctional due to a genetic mutation, the body is unable to convert phenylalanine into another amino acid called tyrosine. As a result, phenylalanine accumulates in the blood, which can lead to severe neurological damage if not detected and managed early. The blood test for phenylalanine is typically performed as part of a Newborn Screening Panel, ensuring that infants are screened shortly after birth for this potentially harmful condition. Various testing methods may be employed to measure phenylalanine levels, including the bacterial inhibition assay known as the Guthrie test, as well as fluorometric or photometric immunoassays. Additionally, tandem mass spectrometry may be utilized to measure amino acids, providing accurate and reliable results for the diagnosis of PKU.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The blood test for phenylalanine (CPT® Code 84030) is indicated for the following conditions:

  • Newborn Screening This test is performed as part of routine newborn screening to detect phenylketonuria (PKU) early in life, allowing for timely intervention and management.
  • Monitoring Phenylalanine Levels It is used to monitor individuals diagnosed with PKU to ensure that phenylalanine levels remain within a safe range, preventing potential neurological damage.

2. Procedure

The procedure for testing phenylalanine levels in the blood involves several key steps:

  • Step 1: Sample Collection A blood sample is collected from the patient, typically via a heel prick in newborns or venipuncture in older children and adults. The sample is collected into a suitable container that preserves the integrity of the blood for testing.
  • Step 2: Laboratory Processing The collected blood sample is sent to a laboratory where it undergoes processing. This may involve separating the plasma from the blood cells to prepare it for analysis.
  • Step 3: Testing Methodology The laboratory employs one of several testing methodologies to measure the phenylalanine levels. This may include the bacterial inhibition assay (Guthrie test), fluorometric or photometric immunoassays, or tandem mass spectrometry for amino acid measurement.
  • Step 4: Result Interpretation Once the testing is complete, the laboratory analyzes the results to determine the concentration of phenylalanine in the blood. These results are then compared to established reference ranges to assess whether the levels are normal or indicative of PKU.

3. Post-Procedure

After the blood sample has been collected and tested, the results are typically available within a few days. If elevated levels of phenylalanine are detected, further diagnostic testing may be recommended to confirm a diagnosis of PKU. In cases where PKU is confirmed, immediate dietary management is crucial to prevent the accumulation of phenylalanine, which can lead to serious health issues. Patients diagnosed with PKU will require ongoing monitoring of their phenylalanine levels and may need to adhere to a specialized diet low in phenylalanine throughout their lives. Regular follow-up appointments with healthcare providers are essential to ensure proper management and to adjust dietary plans as necessary.

Short Descr ASSAY OF BLOOD PKU
Medium Descr ASSAY OF PHENYLALANINE BLOOD
Long Descr Phenylalanine (PKU), blood
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 233 - Laboratory - Chemistry and Hematology
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
Date
Action
Notes
2013-01-01 Changed Medium Descriptor changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
CasePilot

Get instant expert-level medical coding assistance.

Ask about:
CPT Codes Guidelines Modifiers Crosswalks NCCI Edits Compliance Medicare Coverage
Example: "What is CPT code 99213?" or "Guidelines for E/M services"