CPT® Code 85441

A laboratory test identified by CPT® Code 85441 is utilized to measure the presence of Heinz bodies, which are aggregates of denatured hemoglobin found within red blood cells (RBCs). These bodies can form as a result of various factors, including damage to hemoglobin caused by oxidizing agents, certain drugs derived from aniline, and specific enzyme deficiency syndromes such as NADPH deficiency, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, and alpha thalassemia. Additionally, Heinz bodies may be associated with unstable forms of hemoglobin, including Hemoglobin H, Zurich, Koln, Seattle, and Gun Hill variants. The test is particularly relevant in the evaluation of hemolytic anemia, especially in cases where there are deficiencies in RBC enzymes. It may also be part of a diagnostic work-up when 'bite cells' are observed in a routine blood smear. Bite cells are formed when splenic macrophages remove hemoglobin from RBCs, leading to damage of the cell membrane. To perform this test, a blood sample is collected through a separately reportable venipuncture, and the whole blood is subjected to analysis using a Supravital Stain, followed by direct visualization of the cells under a microscope to identify the presence of Heinz bodies.