CPT® Code 86036

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are specific proteins produced by the immune system that target antigens located in the cytoplasmic granules of certain white blood cells, particularly neutrophils and monocytes. The presence of these antibodies is significant in the context of autoimmune diseases, particularly those that involve vasculitis, which is the inflammation of blood vessels. There are two primary types of ANCAs: perinuclear stained antineutrophil antibodies (pANCA), which specifically target the enzyme myeloperoxidase, and cytoplasmic stained antineutrophil antibodies (c-ANCA), which target proteinase 3. The testing for these antibodies is crucial in diagnosing various forms of autoimmune vasculitis, such as Wegener’s granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa, and microscopic polyangiitis. These conditions can lead to serious complications as they cause inflammation and swelling in blood vessels, affecting blood flow and potentially damaging organs. The test involves obtaining a venous blood sample, which is then analyzed using an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test to detect the presence of the specific antibodies ordered, including c-ANCA, p-ANCA, and atypical p-ANCA. The CPT® Code 86036 is used to report the screening test that provides qualitative results indicating the presence or absence of each antibody, while CPT® Code 86037 is designated for a titer test that offers semi-quantitative results for each antibody.