CPT® Code 86160

The CPT® Code 86160 refers to the measurement of complement antigens, specifically indicating that the procedure involves testing for each complement component present in a blood sample. Complement proteins are crucial components of the immune system, playing a significant role in the clearance of immune complexes from the bloodstream. When immune complexes are formed, these proteins are activated, leading to a cascade of reactions that generate peptides. These peptides bind to the immune complexes and complement receptors, facilitating their removal from circulation. The process ultimately results in the formation of an attack complex that can disrupt cell membranes, contributing to the immune response. To perform this test, a blood sample is collected through a venipuncture, which is a separate and reportable procedure. The complement components are analyzed in either serum or plasma samples, utilizing specific methodologies, with quantitative radial immunodiffusion being a commonly employed technique. The code 86160 is reported for each complement component tested, which may include components such as 2-9 (notably, 2 is associated with the most common inherited complement deficiency), 3A (the most abundant complement component), 4A, and 1Q, as well as complement factor B, Bb, and C1-esterase inhibitor.