CPT® Code 86674

The CPT® Code 86674 refers to a laboratory test specifically designed to measure antibodies against Giardia lamblia, a microscopic parasite that is prevalent globally in various environments, including soil, food, and water. This parasite is primarily transmitted through fecal contamination from infected humans and animals. The presence of Giardia lamblia can lead to an intestinal infection, which is clinically characterized by symptoms such as abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, and significant weight loss if the infection persists. The test measures different types of antibodies, including IgM, IgG, and IgA, which are crucial for diagnosing the infection. Elevated levels of IgM antibodies or a significant increase (four-fold rise) in IgG or IgA antibody titers between acute and convalescent serum samples indicate a recent or ongoing giardia infection. Conversely, a positive IgG or IgA antibody titer without detectable IgM antibodies typically suggests a past infection. To perform this test, a blood sample is collected through a procedure known as venipuncture, which is separately reportable. The serum obtained from the blood sample is then analyzed using a semi-quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the presence of these antibodies.