CPT® Code 86825

Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are specific protein molecules located on the surface of most body cells, playing a crucial role in the immune system's ability to recognize foreign cells. These antigens are vital for determining compatibility in organ and tissue transplant procedures. In the context of transplantation, the presence of specific HLA markers is assessed to ensure that the donor and recipient are compatible. This assessment process, known as HLA typing, is conducted separately before the crossmatch procedure. Ideally, a successful transplant occurs when the donor and recipient share identical HLA markers. However, if there are discrepancies in HLA types, the transplant may still proceed if the recipient has not developed antibodies against the donor's HLA markers. The presence of such antibodies can lead to an immune response that attacks the transplanted cells, tissue, or organ. To perform the HLA crossmatch, blood samples are collected from both the donor and recipient. The donor's cells are then combined with the recipient's serum, and the reaction is monitored using a non-cytotoxic method, such as flow cytometry. A negative reaction signifies that the recipient lacks antibodies against the donor's HLA, allowing the transplant to proceed, while a positive reaction indicates the presence of antibodies, which would prevent the transplant from being performed. For the initial serum sample or dilution, the appropriate code to use is 86825, while subsequent samples or dilutions are coded with 86826.