CPT® Code 86828

Antibody to human leukocyte antigens (HLA), solid phase assays (eg, microspheres or beads, ELISA, flow cytometry); qualitative assessment of the presence or absence of antibody(ies) to HLA Class I and Class II HLA antigens

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is a critical component of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which plays a vital role in the immune system by facilitating self-recognition. This means that the MHC helps the body identify its own cells and tissues, distinguishing them from foreign substances, including pathogens and non-self cells. The HLA system is divided into two main classes: Class I and Class II. The CPT® Code 86828 refers to a specific laboratory test that qualitatively assesses the presence or absence of antibodies against HLA Class I and Class II antigens. This test is essential for evaluating the risk of an immunological response in patients undergoing organ transplantation. The assessment is typically conducted using solid phase assays, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which utilizes fluorescent beads coated with HLA molecules. These beads can be analyzed through conventional flow cytometry or advanced Luminex technology, allowing for precise detection of HLA alloantibodies. The results of this test are crucial for determining compatibility between organ donors and recipients, thereby aiding in the prevention of transplant rejection.