CPT® Code 86885

The CPT® Code 86885 refers to the Antihuman globulin test, commonly known as the Coombs test, specifically the indirect qualitative variant. This test is crucial for detecting clinically significant antibodies present in a patient's blood. In this context, the term "indirect" indicates that the test is performed on in vitro specimens, meaning that the blood sample is analyzed outside the body. The process involves incubating the specimen at a controlled temperature of 37 degrees Centigrade, which facilitates the reaction between antibodies in the serum and red blood cells. During the test, some red blood cells may become coated with complement proteins or IgG antibodies, which can prevent agglutination when the cells are centrifuged. To enable agglutination, an additional antibody that reacts with the IgG or complement is introduced. The indirect antihuman globulin test is particularly significant in transfusion medicine, as it helps identify the presence of clinically relevant antibodies that could lead to adverse reactions during blood transfusions. The qualitative nature of this test means it determines whether antibodies are present but does not quantify their levels. If antibodies are detected, further testing is necessary to identify the specific types of antibodies involved. The test is reported using the code 86885 for each reagent red cell tested. It is important to note that this code is distinct from 86886, which is used for antibody titers that measure the strength or potency of previously identified antibodies.