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Blood typing is a laboratory procedure that is essential for identifying specific red blood cell (RBC) antigens present on the surface of RBCs, excluding the commonly known ABO and Rh(D) blood group systems. These RBC antigens are unique proteins and carbohydrate residues that play a critical role in blood transfusion compatibility and immunological responses. The identification of these antigens is particularly important for patients who may have clinically significant RBC antibodies, which can lead to adverse reactions during blood transfusions. By determining the presence of these antigens, healthcare providers can select antigen-negative blood units for transfusion, thereby minimizing the risk of hemolytic transfusion reactions and preventing alloimmunization in transfusion-dependent patients. The testing process involves obtaining a blood sample, which can be collected through a separately reportable venipuncture or withdrawn from a donor unit. The serologic typing is performed using specific antisera and may involve techniques such as direct or indirect hemagglutination to accurately identify the various antigens, including those from the Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS, Lewis, and P1 blood group systems.
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The procedure of blood typing for RBC antigens other than ABO or Rh(D) is indicated in several clinical scenarios, particularly when there is a need to ensure safe blood transfusions and manage patients with specific blood group antibodies. The following are the explicit indications for performing this procedure:
The procedure for blood typing to identify RBC antigens other than ABO or Rh(D) involves several key steps, each critical for accurate results. The following outlines the procedural steps:
Post-procedure care following blood typing primarily involves the interpretation and communication of results to the healthcare team. It is essential to document the findings accurately in the patient's medical record. If the testing identifies the presence of specific RBC antibodies, further actions may be required, such as additional testing or adjustments in transfusion protocols to ensure patient safety. Continuous monitoring of patients who are transfusion-dependent is also recommended to prevent alloimmunization and manage any potential complications arising from transfusions.
| Short Descr | BLOOD TYPING RBC ANTIGENS | Medium Descr | BLOOD TYPING RBC ANTIGENS OTH/THN ABO/RH D EACH | Long Descr | Blood typing, serologic; RBC antigens, other than ABO or Rh (D), each | Status Code | Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies) | Global Days | XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply | PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) | 9 - Not Applicable | Multiple Procedures (51) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Bilateral Surgery (50) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Physician Supervisions | 09 - Concept does not apply. | Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Co-Surgeons (62) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Team Surgery (66) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Diagnostic Imaging Family | 99 - Concept Does Not Apply | CLIA Waived (QW) | No | APC Status Indicator | STV-Packaged Codes | Type of Service (TOS) | 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory | Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) | T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule) | MUE | 8 | CCS Clinical Classification | 235 - Other Laboratory |
| 90 | Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number. | XU | Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service | 26 | Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number. | 91 | Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient. | 59 | Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25. | GZ | Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary | QJ | Services/items provided to a prisoner or patient in state or local custody, however the state or local government, as applicable, meets the requirements in 42 cfr 411.4 (b) |
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| 2015-01-01 | Changed | Description Changed |
| 2011-01-01 | Changed | Short description changed. |
| 1993-01-01 | Added | First appearance in code book in 1993. |
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