CPT® Code 86905

Blood typing is a laboratory procedure that is essential for identifying specific red blood cell (RBC) antigens present on the surface of RBCs, excluding the commonly known ABO and Rh(D) blood group systems. These RBC antigens are unique proteins and carbohydrate residues that play a critical role in blood transfusion compatibility and immunological responses. The identification of these antigens is particularly important for patients who may have clinically significant RBC antibodies, which can lead to adverse reactions during blood transfusions. By determining the presence of these antigens, healthcare providers can select antigen-negative blood units for transfusion, thereby minimizing the risk of hemolytic transfusion reactions and preventing alloimmunization in transfusion-dependent patients. The testing process involves obtaining a blood sample, which can be collected through a separately reportable venipuncture or withdrawn from a donor unit. The serologic typing is performed using specific antisera and may involve techniques such as direct or indirect hemagglutination to accurately identify the various antigens, including those from the Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS, Lewis, and P1 blood group systems.