CPT® Code 87205

The CPT® Code 87205 refers to a laboratory procedure known as a smear, which is performed on a primary source with interpretation. This procedure utilizes either Gram or Giemsa staining techniques to identify the presence of bacteria, fungi, or specific cell types within samples such as pus, normally sterile body fluids, or aspirated materials. The Gram stain is a differential staining method that categorizes bacteria into two main groups: gram-positive (Gram+) and gram-negative (Gram-). Gram+ bacteria are characterized by a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls, which results in a purple coloration when stained. On the other hand, the Giemsa stain is primarily used in cytogenetics for chromosome analysis and in histopathology to identify various pathogens, including trichomonas, spirochetes, protozoans, and malaria, as well as to differentiate between various cell types in blood and bone marrow samples. During the procedure, a small drop of the suspended culture or cell material is spread in a thin layer on a microscope slide using an inoculation hook, followed by heat fixation. The slide is then stained, and a detailed examination is conducted under a microscope to identify and count the bacteria, fungi, or cells present. The findings are compiled into a written report, providing essential information for diagnosis and treatment planning.