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Official Description

Visual field examination, unilateral or bilateral, with interpretation and report; limited examination (eg, tangent screen, Autoplot, arc perimeter, or single stimulus level automated test, such as Octopus 3 or 7 equivalent)

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

A visual field examination is a diagnostic procedure that assesses the total area in which a patient can perceive objects while maintaining focus on a central point. This examination can be conducted on one eye (unilateral) or both eyes (bilateral) and is crucial for identifying blind spots or any loss of peripheral vision, which can indicate various ocular or neurological conditions. During the examination, one eye is occluded to ensure that the other eye is tested in isolation. The limited examination referred to in CPT® Code 92081 utilizes a wide-field screening protocol designed to evaluate the static field of vision. This essentially serves as a screening test at a single stimulus level. The procedure may involve a tangent screen test, where the patient is positioned three feet away from a target displayed on a screen. The patient is instructed to focus on the central target and notify the examiner when they perceive objects moving into their peripheral vision. Alternatively, automated perimetry may be employed, wherein the patient sits in front of a concave dome, fixating on a central object, and is required to press a button each time they detect a small flash of light in their peripheral vision. The results of the visual field examination are interpreted, and a written report detailing the findings is generated, providing essential information for further clinical evaluation and management.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The visual field examination, as described by CPT® Code 92081, is indicated for various clinical scenarios where assessment of peripheral vision is necessary. The following conditions may warrant this examination:

  • Glaucoma - To monitor visual field loss associated with this condition.
  • Retinal diseases - Such as retinal detachment or diabetic retinopathy, which can affect peripheral vision.
  • Neurological disorders - Including conditions like multiple sclerosis or stroke, where visual field deficits may occur.
  • Optic nerve disorders - To evaluate potential damage or disease affecting the optic nerve.
  • Pre-operative assessment - To establish a baseline visual field prior to ocular surgery.

2. Procedure

The procedure for conducting a visual field examination under CPT® Code 92081 involves several key steps that ensure accurate assessment of the patient's peripheral vision. Each step is crucial for obtaining reliable results.

  • Step 1: Patient Preparation - The patient is positioned comfortably in a designated testing area, ensuring that they are relaxed and able to focus on the central target throughout the examination. The examiner explains the procedure to the patient, including the importance of maintaining fixation on the central point and the need to respond promptly when visual stimuli are perceived in the peripheral field.
  • Step 2: Eye Occlusion - One eye is occluded using an eye patch or similar device to isolate the eye being tested. This ensures that the visual field assessment is conducted without interference from the other eye, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of peripheral vision.
  • Step 3: Conducting the Tangent Screen Test - In this step, the patient is positioned three feet away from a tangent screen that displays a central target. The patient is instructed to focus on this target while the examiner introduces objects into the peripheral vision. The patient must indicate when they see these objects, allowing the examiner to map out the visual field.
  • Step 4: Performing Automated Perimetry - Alternatively, automated perimetry may be utilized. The patient sits in front of a concave dome and fixates on a central object. Small flashes of light are presented in various locations within the peripheral field, and the patient is required to press a button each time they detect a flash. This automated process helps in accurately measuring the extent of the visual field.
  • Step 5: Interpretation and Reporting - After the testing is completed, the results are interpreted by the examiner. A detailed written report is generated, summarizing the findings of the visual field examination. This report is essential for further clinical decision-making and management of the patient's condition.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care following a visual field examination typically involves providing the patient with the results and discussing any findings that may require further evaluation or intervention. The examiner may recommend follow-up appointments based on the results, especially if any abnormalities are detected. Patients are encouraged to report any changes in their vision or new symptoms that may arise after the examination. Additionally, the written report generated from the examination serves as a critical document for ongoing patient management and may be shared with other healthcare providers involved in the patient's care.

Short Descr LIMITED VISUAL FIELD XM
Medium Descr LIMITED VISUAL FIELD XM UNI/BI I&R
Long Descr Visual field examination, unilateral or bilateral, with interpretation and report; limited examination (eg, tangent screen, Autoplot, arc perimeter, or single stimulus level automated test, such as Octopus 3 or 7 equivalent)
Status Code Active Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 7 - Special payment adjustment rules on the technical component (TC) of multiple diagnostic ophthalmology services apply...
Bilateral Surgery (50) 2 - 150% payment adjustment does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator STV-Packaged Codes
Type of Service (TOS) Q - Vision Items or Services
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) M5C - Specialist - ophthalmology
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 220 - Ophthalmologic and otologic diagnosis and treatment
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
24 Unrelated evaluation and management service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during a postoperative period: the physician or other qualified health care professional may need to indicate that an evaluation and management service was performed during a postoperative period for a reason(s) unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 24 to the appropriate level of e/m service.
25 Significant, separately identifiable evaluation and management service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional on the same day of the procedure or other service: it may be necessary to indicate that on the day a procedure or service identified by a cpt code was performed, the patient's condition required a significant, separately identifiable e/m service above and beyond the other service provided or beyond the usual preoperative and postoperative care associated with the procedure that was performed. a significant, separately identifiable e/m service is defined or substantiated by documentation that satisfies the relevant criteria for the respective e/m service to be reported (see evaluation and management services guidelines for instructions on determining level of e/m service). the e/m service may be prompted by the symptom or condition for which the procedure and/or service was provided. as such, different diagnoses are not required for reporting of the e/m services on the same date. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 25 to the appropriate level of e/m service. note: this modifier is not used to report an e/m service that resulted in a decision to perform surgery. see modifier 57 for significant, separately identifiable non-e/m services, see modifier 59.
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
E1 Upper left, eyelid
E3 Upper right, eyelid
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
Date
Action
Notes
2024-01-01 Changed Short and Medium Descriptions changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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