CPT® Code 93312

Echocardiography, transesophageal, real-time with image documentation (2D) (with or without M-mode recording); including probe placement, image acquisition, interpretation and report

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a specialized imaging procedure that utilizes a high-frequency ultrasound transducer, which is mounted on the end of a flexible probe. This probe is carefully inserted through the mouth and advanced into the esophagus, allowing it to be positioned directly behind the heart. The primary function of the transducer is to emit ultrasound waves that penetrate the heart, with the reflected sound waves being captured and converted into visual images by a computer. These images are then displayed in real-time on a video monitor, providing dynamic insights into the heart's structure and function. TEE is particularly valuable for obtaining detailed two-dimensional images of the heart, as well as for assessing the movement of cardiac structures as they function. During the procedure, the transducer can be maneuvered within the esophagus to capture multiple views, enabling a thorough evaluation of both the left and right heart chambers, the heart valves, the pericardium, and other critical anatomical structures, including the aorta, pulmonary vessels, and the vena cava. Additionally, TEE may incorporate selective M-mode recording, which is a technique that provides specific time-motion data from a stationary ultrasound beam, superimposed on the two-dimensional images. This M-mode recording is particularly useful for precise cardiac measurements, such as assessing septal wall thickness and timing of valve movements. The use of CPT® code 93312 is appropriate when the physician performs the complete procedure, which includes probe placement, image acquisition, and the generation of a written report detailing the findings. In contrast, CPT® code 93313 is designated for instances where only the transesophageal probe placement is conducted, while CPT® code 93314 applies when only image acquisition and reporting are performed.