CPT® Code 93990

The CPT® Code 93990 refers to a duplex scan of hemodialysis access, which is a specialized vascular ultrasound study aimed at evaluating the functionality of hemodialysis grafts or fistulas. This procedure is crucial for patients undergoing hemodialysis, as it allows for periodic assessments of the access site to detect any abnormalities that could compromise the effectiveness of the dialysis treatment. The duplex scan employs both B-mode and Doppler ultrasound techniques to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the arterial inflow, the body of the access, and the venous outflow. During the procedure, a clear gel is applied to the skin over the access site to facilitate the transmission of sound waves. A B-mode transducer is then placed on the skin, generating real-time images that visualize the blood flow dynamics within the graft or fistula. The Doppler component of the scan assesses the direction and velocity of blood flow, with changes in pitch indicating variations in blood flow, such as stenosis or complete obstruction. The integration of these imaging techniques allows for a detailed analysis of the vascular anatomy and hemodynamic function, including the identification of narrowing or plaque formation in the blood vessels. Ultimately, the physician interprets the results of the duplex scan and documents the findings in a written report, which is essential for ongoing patient management and treatment planning.