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Allergen immunotherapy, commonly referred to as allergy shots, is a medical treatment designed to alleviate symptoms associated with allergic reactions. This therapy is particularly effective for individuals suffering from seasonal allergies, such as those triggered by pollen from various plants, including grasses, weeds, and trees. Additionally, it addresses indoor perennial allergies, which may arise from common allergens like dust mites, pet dander, and molds. The process of allergen immunotherapy begins with allergy testing, which is conducted to pinpoint the specific allergens affecting the patient. Once identified, a tailored immunotherapy schedule is established, consisting of two distinct phases: the build-up phase and the maintenance phase. During the build-up phase, patients receive small doses of the allergenic extract(s) through injections, typically administered in the upper arm. These injections are given one to three times a week and usually span a duration of 3 to 6 months. The goal of this phase is to gradually increase the patient's tolerance to the allergens. Following the build-up phase, patients transition to the maintenance phase, which involves monthly injections over a period of 3 to 5 years. It is important to note that while the allergenic extracts are formulated and provided by an allergist or an outside supplier, the administration of these extracts is performed by another physician or qualified healthcare professional. After each injection, the patient is monitored for a specific period to ensure safety and manage any potential reactions. For billing purposes, CPT® Code 95115 is utilized for a single injection, while CPT® Code 95117 is designated for encounters involving two or more injections.
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