CPT® Code 52301

CPT® Code 52301 refers to the procedure known as cystourethroscopy with resection or fulguration of ectopic ureterocele(s), which can be performed unilaterally or bilaterally. An ectopic ureterocele is a pathological condition characterized by a saccular outpouching of the distal ureter that protrudes into the urinary bladder, but unlike an orthotopic ureterocele, its orifice is located in an abnormal position, often at the bladder neck or within the urethra. The procedure involves the use of a cystoscope, which is a specialized instrument that allows for direct visualization of the bladder and ureteral orifices. During the procedure, the urethral orifice is first cleansed with an antiseptic solution to minimize the risk of infection. A rigid or flexible cystoscope is then introduced through the urethra into the bladder, and sterile saline may be instilled to enhance the visibility of the bladder wall. The cystoscope allows the physician to inspect the bladder and identify the ectopic ureterocele. If treatment involves fulguration, an electrocautery device is utilized to destroy the ectopic ureterocele. Alternatively, other methods such as laser or cryotherapy may be employed. In cases where resection is indicated, a resectoscope is used to excise the ureterocele, with tissue removal facilitated by irrigation and a cystoscopic evacuation device. Control of any bleeding that may occur during the procedure is achieved through electrocoagulation or laser coagulation. The procedure may be performed on both sides if necessary, and upon completion, the bladder and ureteral orifices are re-evaluated to confirm that the abnormal ureteral tissue has been adequately addressed. This code is specifically designated for ectopic ureteroceles, while a different code, 52300, is used for orthotopic ureteroceles.