CPT® Code 59840

An induced abortion, specifically coded as CPT® 59840, refers to a medical procedure where the pregnancy is intentionally terminated through a method known as dilation and curettage (D&C). This procedure is classified as a therapeutic abortion, distinguishing it from spontaneous abortions or miscarriages. The process begins with the insertion of a speculum into the vagina to allow for a clear view of the cervix, which is then cleansed with an antiseptic solution to minimize the risk of infection. A tenaculum, a surgical instrument, is used to grasp the anterior lip of the cervix, providing stability during the procedure. To assess the depth and angle of the uterus, a sound is passed through the cervix. Prior to the actual dilation, the cervix is numbed to reduce discomfort. Dilation is achieved by inserting a series of metal rods, known as dilators, of increasing diameter into the cervical canal. Alternatively, a laminaria tent may be utilized, which is a type of absorbent material inserted into the cervix several hours before the procedure. This tent absorbs moisture and gradually expands, aiding in the dilation process. Once the cervix is adequately dilated, a curette—a surgical instrument designed for scraping— is inserted through the cervix to scrape the uterine wall, collecting tissue that is subsequently sent for pathological examination. After the procedure, the tenaculum is removed, and any bleeding from the cervix is managed through the application of pressure. This detailed process ensures that the abortion is performed safely and effectively, adhering to medical standards and practices.