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Official Description

Magnetic resonance (eg, proton) imaging, brain (including brain stem); with contrast material(s)

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, specifically coded as CPT® 70552, is a sophisticated imaging technique that utilizes the magnetic properties of hydrogen atoms within the body to create detailed images of the brain and brain stem. This noninvasive procedure does not involve radiation, making it a safer alternative for patients requiring diagnostic imaging. During the MRI process, the patient is positioned on a motorized table that moves into a large cylindrical scanner, which houses a powerful magnet. The magnetic field generated by the scanner aligns the hydrogen atoms in the body. Following this alignment, radiowaves are transmitted into the magnetic field, causing the protons in various tissues to emit specific radiofrequency signals. These signals are captured and processed by a computer, which constructs high-resolution, three-dimensional images of the brain. MRI of the brain is instrumental in diagnosing a wide range of conditions, including tumors, cysts, and other masses, as well as swelling, infections, and vascular disorders such as aneurysms and intracranial hemorrhages. It is also valuable in assessing diseases of the pituitary gland, strokes, developmental anomalies, hydrocephalus, and chronic conditions affecting the central nervous system, including headaches and multiple sclerosis. The use of contrast material, such as gadolinium, enhances the imaging quality and allows for better visualization of certain abnormalities. When contrast is administered prior to the imaging, the procedure is reported using code 70552. In contrast, if the MRI is performed without contrast, code 70551 is used, and if it is initially done without contrast followed by the use of contrast for additional imaging, code 70553 is applicable. The physician is responsible for reviewing the MRI results, identifying any abnormalities, and providing a comprehensive written interpretation of the findings.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with contrast material is indicated for a variety of clinical scenarios, including:

  • Tumors and Cysts - To diagnose the presence, location, and extent of tumors or cysts within the brain.
  • Swelling and Infection - To evaluate areas of swelling or infection that may affect brain function.
  • Vascular Disorders - To assess vascular malformations or disorders, such as aneurysms and intracranial hemorrhage.
  • Pituitary Gland Disease - To investigate conditions affecting the pituitary gland.
  • Stroke - To identify and evaluate the extent of damage caused by a stroke.
  • Developmental and Structural Anomalies - To detect any developmental or structural anomalies of the brain.
  • Hydrocephalus - To assess the presence of hydrocephalus, a condition characterized by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid.
  • Chronic Conditions - To evaluate chronic conditions affecting the central nervous system, such as headaches and multiple sclerosis.

2. Procedure

The procedure for performing an MRI of the brain with contrast material involves several key steps:

  • Patient Preparation - The patient is informed about the procedure and any necessary preparations, such as removing metal objects and informing the technician of any allergies, particularly to contrast material.
  • Positioning - The patient is positioned on a motorized table that slides into the MRI scanner. Comfort and safety are prioritized, and the patient may be provided with earplugs or headphones to mitigate noise from the machine.
  • Administration of Contrast Material - An intravenous (IV) line is established, and contrast material, typically gadolinium, is injected to enhance the imaging quality. This step is crucial for visualizing certain abnormalities more clearly.
  • Imaging Process - Once the contrast material is administered, the MRI machine is activated. The powerful magnet creates a magnetic field, and radiowaves are transmitted to excite the hydrogen atoms in the brain. The emitted signals are captured and processed to create detailed images.
  • Image Acquisition - Multiple images are taken from various angles to provide a comprehensive view of the brain. The imaging sequence may vary based on the specific clinical indications and the physician's preferences.
  • Post-Procedure Monitoring - After the imaging is complete, the patient is monitored briefly to ensure there are no adverse reactions to the contrast material. The IV line is then removed.

3. Post-Procedure

Following the MRI procedure, patients are typically advised to resume normal activities unless otherwise instructed by their physician. They may be monitored for a short period to check for any immediate reactions to the contrast material. It is important for patients to stay hydrated after the procedure to help flush the contrast material from their system. The physician will review the MRI images, interpret the findings, and provide a written report detailing any abnormalities or significant observations. This report is essential for guiding further diagnostic or therapeutic decisions.

Short Descr MRI BRAIN STEM W/DYE
Medium Descr MRI BRAIN BRAIN STEM W/CONTRAST MATERIAL
Long Descr Magnetic resonance (eg, proton) imaging, brain (including brain stem); with contrast material(s)
Status Code Active Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 4 - Special payment adjustment rules on the technical component (TC) of multiple diagnostic imaging procedures apply...
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 88 -
APC Status Indicator Codes That May Be Paid Through a Composite APC
ASC Payment Indicator Radiology service paid separately when provided integral to a surgical procedure on ASC list; payment based on MPFS nonfacility PE RVUs.
Type of Service (TOS) 4 - Diagnostic Radiology
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) I2C - Advanced imaging - MRI/MRA: brain/head/neck
MUE 2
CCS Clinical Classification 198 - Magnetic resonance imaging

This is a primary code that can be used with these additional add-on codes.

0649T Add-on Code MPFS Status: Carrier Priced APC S Quantitative magnetic resonance for analysis of tissue composition (eg, fat, iron, water content), including multiparametric data acquisition, data preparation and transmission, interpretation and report, obtained with diagnostic MRI examination of the same anatomy (eg, organ, gland, tissue, target structure); single organ (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
0698T Add-on Code Resequenced Code MPFS Status: Carrier Priced APC S ASC Z2 Quantitative magnetic resonance for analysis of tissue composition (eg, fat, iron, water content), including multiparametric data acquisition, data preparation and transmission, interpretation and report, obtained with diagnostic MRI examination of the same anatomy (eg, organ, gland, tissue, target structure); multiple organs (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
0866T Add On Code MPFS Status: Carrier Priced APC S Quantitative magnetic resonance image (MRI) analysis of the brain with comparison to prior magnetic resonance (MR) study(ies), including lesion detection, characterization, and quantification, with brain volume(s) quantification and/or severity score, when performed, data preparation and transmission, interpretation and report, obtained with diagnostic MRI examination of the brain (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
MG The order for this service does not have applicable appropriate use criteria in the qualified clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
MH Unknown if ordering professional consulted a clinical decision support mechanism for this service, related information was not provided to the furnishing professional or provider
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
ME The order for this service adheres to appropriate use criteria in the clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
22 Increased procedural services: when the work required to provide a service is substantially greater than typically required, it may be identified by adding modifier 22 to the usual procedure code. documentation must support the substantial additional work and the reason for the additional work (ie, increased intensity, time, technical difficulty of procedure, severity of patient's condition, physical and mental effort required). note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GQ Via asynchronous telecommunications system
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
MA Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to service being rendered to a patient with a suspected or confirmed emergency medical condition
MB Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to the significant hardship exception of insufficient internet access
MC Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to the significant hardship exception of electronic health record or clinical decision support mechanism vendor issues
MF The order for this service does not adhere to the appropriate use criteria in the clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
QQ Ordering professional consulted a qualified clinical decision support mechanism for this service and the related data was provided to the furnishing professional
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
XP Separate practitioner, a service that is distinct because it was performed by a different practitioner
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2013-01-01 Changed Short Descriptor changed.
1990-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 1990.
1985-12-31 Deleted Code deleted.
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