CPT® Code 80074

An acute hepatitis panel is a comprehensive set of blood tests designed to detect and diagnose infections caused by various hepatitis viruses, specifically Hepatitis A, B, and C. This panel is crucial for identifying both acute and chronic viral liver infections. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is known for its high contagion rate, typically resulting in mild illness. It is primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water, as well as through close personal contact. Importantly, HAV does not lead to chronic infections, and a vaccine is available to prevent infection. In contrast, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is more serious, as it is commonly found in blood and body fluids, leading to chronic infections in many cases. Vaccination is also available for HBV. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is similarly transmitted through blood and body fluids and can result in chronic infections; however, there is currently no vaccine available for HCV. The acute hepatitis panel specifically tests for several key markers: Hepatitis A antibody (HAAb), IgM antibody; Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), IgM antibody; Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg); and Hepatitis C antibody. Each of these components plays a vital role in determining the presence of an active infection or the immune response to these viruses. For instance, the presence of IgM antibodies indicates recent infection, while the detection of HBsAg can signify either an acute or chronic infection. The testing process involves obtaining a specimen through venipuncture, and the serum or plasma is analyzed using a quantitative chemiluminescent immunoassay to ensure accurate results.