CPT® Code 82106

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a crucial biomarker measured in both serum and amniotic fluid during pregnancy. The measurement of AFP in amniotic fluid, designated by CPT® Code 82106, is particularly significant for screening various fetal conditions. AFP is a protein that is initially produced by the yolk sac of the developing fetus during early gestation and subsequently by the liver and gastrointestinal tract as the pregnancy progresses. The assessment of AFP levels is instrumental in identifying potential neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, as well as chromosomal abnormalities, including Down syndrome (trisomy 21) and Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18). Additionally, elevated AFP levels can indicate the presence of omphalocele, a congenital defect. The procedure for obtaining the amniotic fluid involves a separately reportable amniocentesis, which is performed to collect the fluid for analysis. This testing is typically conducted between 14 and 22 weeks of gestation, aligning with the critical window for effective screening and diagnosis of these conditions.