CPT® Code 86834

Antibody to human leukocyte antigens (HLA), solid phase assays (eg, microspheres or beads, ELISA, Flow cytometry); semi-quantitative panel (eg, titer), HLA Class I

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is a critical component of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which plays a vital role in the immune system by facilitating self-recognition. This means that the MHC helps the body identify its own cells and tissues, distinguishing them from foreign substances such as microorganisms and non-self cells. The HLA system is divided into two main classes: Class I and Class II. The semi-quantitative analysis of HLA, specifically through the use of titer, is essential for monitoring pre-transplant desensitization protocols for potential transplant recipients who have developed sensitization. This sensitization can occur when a patient has been exposed to foreign antigens, making it more challenging to find compatible organ donors. Additionally, HLA testing is crucial for monitoring the treatment of antibody-mediated rejection in patients who have already undergone transplantation. The testing is typically conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques on fluorescent beads that are coated with HLA molecules. These beads can be detected using conventional flow cytometry or in conjunction with advanced Luminex instrumentation. For the specific procedure of conducting a semi-quantitative panel with titer for HLA Class I, the appropriate code to use is 86834, while code 86835 is designated for the semi-quantitative panel with titer for HLA Class II.