CPT® Code 91120

The CPT® Code 91120 refers to a specialized diagnostic procedure known as the rectal sensation, tone, and compliance test. This test is designed to evaluate the compliance and sensory characteristics of the rectal wall, particularly in patients experiencing conditions such as constipation or fecal incontinence. The procedure involves the insertion of a probe equipped with a balloon into the rectum, which is then secured in place using tape to ensure stability during the test. The balloon is connected to a computerized device that allows for controlled distension of the rectum. Over a period of 30 minutes, the balloon is inflated in a stepwise manner, enabling the assessment of intra-operating pressure (IOP) and rectal tone. During the test, intermittent balloon distensions are conducted until the patient reports sensations such as the desire to defecate and urgency. This process helps to determine the maximum tolerable volume of distension for the patient. After the initial assessments, the patient is instructed to expel the balloon. Following a brief rest period of 15 minutes, the balloon is reinserted and inflated to the previously established IOP. To further evaluate rectal function, the patient is then provided with a 1,000-calorie meal, and any changes in rectal tone and sensory responses are meticulously recorded over the next 60 minutes. Finally, the balloon is deflated and removed along with the probe, concluding the test. This comprehensive assessment provides valuable insights into rectal function and assists healthcare providers in diagnosing and managing conditions related to bowel control and sensation.