CPT® Code 93702

The CPT® Code 93702 refers to the procedure known as bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS), specifically for the analysis of extracellular fluid in the context of lymphedema assessment. This procedure is particularly significant for identifying individuals who may be at risk for developing lymphedema, especially following surgical interventions or radiation therapy. Lymphedema is a chronic condition characterized by the accumulation of protein-rich extracellular fluid in tissues, which occurs due to dysfunction or disruption of the lymphatic drainage system. This accumulation can lead to various complications, including fibrotic changes in the tissue, lipid accumulation, and symptoms such as pain, paresthesias, and an increased risk of infection in the affected extremity. Bioimpedance spectroscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic technique that utilizes alternating current applied through a set of cutaneous electrodes to detect changes in extracellular fluid volume. During the procedure, the patient is positioned supine on a non-conducting surface, with their limbs slightly abducted and upper extremities pronated. The skin is prepared by cleansing it with alcohol, and specific electrodes are strategically placed on the affected limb to measure the fluid levels accurately. For upper extremities, measurement electrodes are positioned at the wrist, while drive electrodes are placed approximately 5 cm below on the hand. In the case of lower extremities, the measurement electrode is located at the ankle, with the drive electrode on the foot. The technique allows for the differentiation between extracellular and intracellular fluid by utilizing low and high-frequency currents, respectively, thereby providing a comprehensive assessment of total fluid volume. Additionally, when evaluating a patient with unilateral lymphedema, the non-affected limb can be tested to establish normal control values, enhancing the accuracy of the assessment.