CPT® Code 29881

Arthroscopy, knee, surgical; with meniscectomy (medial OR lateral, including any meniscal shaving) including debridement/shaving of articular cartilage (chondroplasty), same or separate compartment(s), when performed

The CPT® Code 29881 refers to a surgical procedure known as arthroscopy of the knee, specifically involving a meniscectomy. A meniscectomy is a surgical intervention performed to remove a torn meniscus, which is a C-shaped cartilage in the knee that acts as a cushion between the femur (thigh bone) and the tibia (shin bone). This procedure is indicated when the meniscus is torn in a manner that precludes repair, particularly in areas that lack sufficient blood supply, making healing unlikely. During the arthroscopy, small incisions, referred to as portal incisions, are made on the medial (inner) and lateral (outer) sides of the knee joint. An arthroscope, which is a thin tube equipped with a camera, is inserted through one of these incisions to visualize the interior of the knee joint. A second portal allows for the insertion of a cannula, through which saline solution is introduced to flush the joint and facilitate examination. The surgeon inspects the knee for any signs of damage, disease, or infection, and locates the torn meniscus. The procedure involves probing the tear to assess its extent, followed by the removal of the damaged meniscal tissue using specialized instruments such as basket forceps, motorized shavers, scissors, or knives. The remaining meniscus is then smoothed to ensure proper joint function. Additionally, if there are issues with the articular cartilage, a procedure known as chondroplasty may be performed to debride and smooth the cartilage surfaces. This code is specifically used when only one meniscus, either medial or lateral, is resected, distinguishing it from other codes that apply when both menisci are involved.