CPT® Code 32110

A thoracotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the chest wall to access the thoracic cavity. This specific procedure, coded as CPT® 32110, is performed primarily to control traumatic hemorrhage and/or to repair a tear in the lung. The incision is typically made on the injured side of the chest at the fifth intercostal space, which is located between the ribs, extending from the sternum to the axilla (the armpit area). During the procedure, the intercostal muscles are carefully incised using both blunt and sharp dissection techniques, ensuring that there is minimal risk of causing further injury to the lung tissue. Once the chest cavity is accessed, a rib spreader is utilized to hold the ribs apart, allowing for thorough exploration of the thoracic cavity. If additional exposure is necessary, a similar incision may be made on the opposite side of the chest, and the sternum may be divided to facilitate access. The surgeon identifies the source of any bleeding and establishes initial control through methods such as finger pressure, packing, or the use of clamps. After achieving initial hemostasis, any vascular injuries are addressed through ligation (tying off blood vessels) and coagulation (using heat to stop bleeding). If a lung tear is discovered during the procedure, it is repaired using staples or sutures. Once all sources of bleeding have been identified and controlled, chest tubes are inserted to allow for drainage, and the chest is subsequently closed to complete the procedure.