Coding Ahead
CasePilot
Medical Coding Assistant
Case2Code
Search and Code Lookup Tool
CareerCenter
Medical Coding Job Board
Log in Register free account

Need help choosing the right code?

Ask CasePilot about procedures, modifiers, bundling, and coding guidance.

Try CasePilot

Official Description

Blood typing, serologic; ABO

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 86900 refers to the procedure of blood typing, specifically focusing on the serologic determination of the ABO blood group system. This procedure involves analyzing a blood specimen to identify the blood type, which can be one of four categories: type A, type B, type AB, or type O. The process begins by mixing the blood sample with specific antibodies that target type A and type B blood. The reaction is observed for agglutination, which is the clumping of blood cells. This clumping indicates the presence of corresponding antigens on the surface of the red blood cells. For instance, type A blood contains anti-B antibodies and will agglutinate when exposed to type B antibodies, while type B blood contains anti-A antibodies and will agglutinate in the presence of type A antibodies. Type O blood, which has antibodies against both A and B, will agglutinate when mixed with either type A or type B antibodies. Conversely, type AB blood does not have anti-A or anti-B antibodies and will not agglutinate when mixed with either type of antibody. Following the initial typing, a back-typing process is performed, where the blood serum is mixed with known type A or type B blood to confirm the blood type. This comprehensive testing is crucial for safe blood transfusions, organ transplants, and various medical procedures where blood compatibility is essential.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure coded as CPT® 86900 is indicated for the determination of an individual's ABO blood type. This testing is essential in various clinical scenarios, including:

  • Blood Transfusions The procedure is performed to ensure compatibility between the donor's and recipient's blood types, preventing adverse reactions during transfusions.
  • Organ Transplants ABO blood typing is crucial for matching organ donors and recipients to minimize the risk of rejection.
  • Pregnancy Management Blood typing is indicated for pregnant women to assess Rh factor compatibility with the fetus, which is vital for preventing hemolytic disease of the newborn.
  • Preoperative Testing Prior to surgical procedures, blood typing is performed to prepare for potential transfusions that may be required during or after surgery.

2. Procedure

The procedure for blood typing using CPT® 86900 involves several key steps, which are detailed as follows:

  • Step 1: Blood Sample Collection A blood specimen is collected from the patient, typically via venipuncture, ensuring that the sample is handled according to standard laboratory protocols to maintain its integrity.
  • Step 2: Mixing with Antibodies The collected blood sample is then mixed with specific antibodies that target type A and type B blood. This step is critical as it initiates the agglutination reaction that will determine the blood type.
  • Step 3: Observation for Agglutination The mixture is observed for agglutination. If agglutination occurs, it indicates the presence of the corresponding antigen on the red blood cells. For example, if type A antibodies are introduced and agglutination occurs, the blood type is identified as type B.
  • Step 4: Back-Typing Following the initial typing, a back-typing process is conducted. The blood serum is mixed with known type A or type B blood to confirm the initial results. This step serves as a verification method to ensure accurate blood typing.

3. Post-Procedure

After the blood typing procedure is completed, the results are documented and communicated to the relevant healthcare providers. It is essential to ensure that the blood type is accurately recorded in the patient's medical records for future reference, especially in cases where blood transfusions or surgical procedures may be necessary. There are typically no specific post-procedure care requirements for the patient, as the procedure is minimally invasive and does not involve any significant recovery time. However, it is important to monitor the patient for any adverse reactions if blood transfusions are performed based on the typing results.

Short Descr BLOOD TYPING SEROLOGIC ABO
Medium Descr BLOOD TYPING SEROLOGIC ABO
Long Descr Blood typing, serologic; ABO
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator STV-Packaged Codes
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 235 - Other Laboratory
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
Q4 Service for ordering/referring physician qualifies as a service exemption
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
GX Notice of liability issued, voluntary under payer policy
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
95 Synchronous telemedicine service rendered via a real-time interactive audio and video telecommunications system: synchronous telemedicine service is defined as a real-time interaction between a physician or other qualified health care professional and a patient who is located at a distant site from the physician or other qualified health care professional. the totality of the communication of information exchanged between the physician or other qualified health care professional and the patient during the course of the synchronous telemedicine service must be of an amount and nature that would be sufficient to meet the key components and/or requirements of the same service when rendered via a face-to-face interaction. modifier 95 may only be appended to the services listed in appendix p. appendix p is the list of cpt codes for services that are typically performed face-to-face, but may be rendered via a real-time (synchronous) interactive audio and video telecommunications system.
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
AY Item or service furnished to an esrd patient that is not for the treatment of esrd
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
KX Requirements specified in the medical policy have been met
PD Diagnostic or related non diagnostic item or service provided in a wholly owned or operated entity to a patient who is admitted as an inpatient within 3 days
Q3 Live kidney donor surgery and related services
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2015-01-01 Changed Description Changed
2011-01-01 Changed Short description changed.
1993-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 1993.
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
CasePilot

Get instant expert-level medical coding assistance.

Ask about:
CPT Codes Guidelines Modifiers Crosswalks NCCI Edits Compliance Medicare Coverage
Example: "What is CPT code 99213?" or "Guidelines for E/M services"