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Official Description

Culture, bacterial; quantitative, aerobic with isolation and presumptive identification of isolates, any source except urine, blood or stool

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 87071 refers to a laboratory procedure known as a bacterial culture, specifically a quantitative aerobic culture. This procedure involves the collection of a tissue sample from a source other than urine, blood, or stool. The collected sample is then placed in a specialized growth medium that supports the proliferation of bacteria. The primary objective of this culture is to isolate and presumptively identify any bacterial organisms present in the sample. During the examination, the culture is monitored for bacterial growth, and the quantity of bacteria is quantified, providing valuable information regarding the presence and potential impact of bacterial infections. It is important to note that if the test is intended to identify bacteria that can thrive in the absence of oxygen, the appropriate code to use would be CPT® Code 87073.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure associated with CPT® Code 87071 is indicated for various clinical scenarios where bacterial infections are suspected, and a tissue sample is available for analysis. The following conditions may warrant the use of this procedure:

  • Infection Diagnosis The culture is performed to identify bacterial infections in tissues that are not represented by urine, blood, or stool samples.
  • Monitoring Treatment Efficacy This procedure can be used to assess the effectiveness of ongoing antibiotic therapy by quantifying bacterial presence.
  • Identifying Pathogens It aids in the identification of specific bacterial pathogens responsible for infections in various body tissues.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 87071 involves several critical steps to ensure accurate bacterial culture and identification. The following outlines the procedural steps:

  • Sample Collection A tissue sample is obtained from the patient, ensuring that it is not from urine, blood, or stool. The sample should be collected using sterile techniques to prevent contamination.
  • Placement in Growth Medium The collected tissue sample is then placed into a suitable culture medium that provides the necessary nutrients and environment for bacterial growth. This medium is specifically designed to support aerobic bacteria, which require oxygen for growth.
  • Incubation The culture is incubated under controlled conditions, typically at a specific temperature conducive to bacterial growth. This incubation period allows any present bacteria to multiply, making them easier to detect and quantify.
  • Examination and Quantification After the incubation period, the culture is examined for signs of bacterial growth. The amount of bacteria present is quantified, providing important data regarding the infection's severity and the potential need for treatment.
  • Presumptive Identification The isolates are then presumptively identified based on their growth characteristics and any additional tests that may be performed to determine the specific type of bacteria present.

3. Post-Procedure

Following the completion of the bacterial culture procedure, the laboratory will typically provide a report detailing the findings, including the presence and quantity of bacteria identified. Clinicians may use this information to guide treatment decisions, such as the selection of appropriate antibiotics. It is essential for healthcare providers to review the results in conjunction with the patient's clinical presentation to determine the next steps in management. Additionally, any necessary follow-up testing or monitoring may be recommended based on the culture results.

Short Descr CULTURE AEROBIC QUANT OTHER
Medium Descr CUL BACT QUAN AEROBIC ISOL XCPT UR BLOOD/STOOL
Long Descr Culture, bacterial; quantitative, aerobic with isolation and presumptive identification of isolates, any source except urine, blood or stool
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) No
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1F - Lab tests - bacterial cultures
MUE 2
CCS Clinical Classification 206 - Microscopic examination (bacterial smear, culture, toxicology)
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
AY Item or service furnished to an esrd patient that is not for the treatment of esrd
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
Q4 Service for ordering/referring physician qualifies as a service exemption
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
Date
Action
Notes
2013-01-01 Changed Short Descriptor changed.
2001-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 2001.
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