CPT® Code 88240

CPT® Code 88240 refers to the procedure of cryopreservation, which involves the freezing and storage of living cells and tissue, categorized by each cell line. This laboratory procedure is designed to preserve the structural integrity and viability of cells by halting enzymatic and chemical activities through exposure to extremely low temperatures. Importantly, cryopreservation does not result in cell death, allowing for the long-term storage of viable cells. The application of this technique is broad, encompassing various biological materials such as microbes—including bacteria, viruses, and yeasts—as well as blood cells like stem cells and umbilical cord blood, tissue samples, semen, and oocytes. The advantages of cryopreservation are significant; it minimizes the risk of microbial contamination and prevents cell line contamination or genetic drift, which can occur during cell culture. Additionally, it helps maintain the morphological characteristics of the cells, ensuring that they remain structurally intact for future use. The process begins with the collection of cells or tissue samples, which must be reported separately. A cryoprotectant is then introduced to the sample to protect the cells during the freezing process. Depending on the specific type of cell or tissue being preserved, the freezing can be performed at a controlled slow rate or through a rapid method known as vitrification. Once frozen, the samples are stored in specialized freezers or liquid nitrogen tanks to ensure their viability over extended periods.