CPT® Code 22590

The procedure described by CPT® Code 22590 refers to an arthrodesis performed using a posterior technique at the craniocervical junction, specifically from the occiput to the C2 vertebra. Arthrodesis is a surgical procedure aimed at fusing two or more bones together to eliminate movement at a joint, which can help alleviate pain and stabilize the spine. In this case, the focus is on the craniocervical region, which is the area where the skull meets the cervical spine. This region is critical for supporting the head and facilitating movement, and any instability or pain in this area can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. The procedure typically involves immobilizing the patient to ensure proper positioning and access to the surgical site. The surgical approach includes making an incision at the back of the skull, followed by careful dissection to access the vertebrae involved. The use of bone grafts is essential in this procedure, as they promote the fusion of the vertebrae by providing a scaffold for new bone growth. Overall, this complex surgical intervention is designed to restore stability and function to the craniocervical junction, addressing various conditions that may affect this critical area of the spine.