CPT® Code 22845

Add-On Code

Anterior instrumentation refers to a surgical technique used in spinal procedures, specifically during arthrodesis, which is a type of fusion surgery aimed at stabilizing the spine. This procedure is essential for addressing issues such as spinal deformities or instabilities that can lead to pain and functional impairment. The instrumentation is applied from the anterior (front) aspect of the body, which may involve incisions made in various locations depending on the specific vertebral levels being treated. These locations can include the front of the neck, the thorax, or the abdomen. In some cases, an anterolateral approach may be utilized, allowing access to the spine from the side. During the procedure, the surgeon carefully retracts overlying muscles and blood vessels to gain access to the vertebrae. The vertebrae are then prepared for instrumentation, which may involve stripping away surrounding muscles. In certain instances, a discectomy, which is the removal of intervertebral discs, may also be performed as part of the procedure. The instrumentation itself typically consists of a single or dual rod that is securely attached to the affected vertebral segments using various fixation devices such as hooks, screws, or intervertebral cage devices. To enhance stability, these devices may be further secured with bone grafts, which are tightly packed around the instrumentation. The specific CPT® code 22845 is designated for cases where anterior instrumentation is applied to 2 to 3 vertebral segments, while additional codes are available for procedures involving more segments.