CPT® Code 22859

Add-On Code

Insertion of intervertebral biomechanical device(s) (eg, synthetic cage, mesh, methylmethacrylate) to intervertebral disc space or vertebral body defect without interbody arthrodesis, each contiguous defect (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)

The procedure described by CPT® Code 22859 involves the insertion of intervertebral biomechanical devices, which may include synthetic cages, mesh, or methylmethacrylate, into the intervertebral disc space or a defect in the vertebral body. This intervention is performed without the accompanying procedure of interbody arthrodesis, which is the surgical fusion of adjacent vertebrae. The primary goal of this procedure is to decompress the spinal cord and nerves, thereby restoring the intervertebral disc space and achieving proper anatomic alignment of the spine. This is particularly relevant in cases of degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, or the presence of bone spurs (osteophytes). The biomechanical devices used in this procedure are typically designed in cylindrical or square shapes and can be filled with autogenous bone material to facilitate the process of arthrodesis, should it be necessary in the future. The surgical approach varies depending on the location of the procedure; for cervical placements, a horizontal incision is made on the side of the neck, while for lumbar placements, an incision is made on the left side of the abdomen. During the procedure, the surgeon may need to remove all or part of the intervertebral disc, which is a separate procedure that can be reported using additional codes. The insertion of the biomechanical device is crucial for maintaining foraminal height and ensuring adequate decompression of the spinal cord and nerves, thus enhancing the overall stability and function of the spine.