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Official Description

Arthrotomy with meniscus repair, knee

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The procedure described by CPT® Code 27403 refers to an arthrotomy with meniscus repair specifically targeting the knee joint. This surgical intervention is indicated for a torn meniscus, particularly when the tear occurs in the outer vascular region of the meniscus, which is crucial for healing due to its blood supply. The process begins with a skin incision made over the affected knee compartment, allowing access to the joint. Once the joint capsule is incised, the surgeon inspects the knee to identify any signs of disease, injury, or infection. The torn meniscus is located and assessed to determine the extent of the damage. The edges of the tear are meticulously prepared using specialized instruments such as a small rasp or motorized shaver to facilitate proper healing. In cases where blood supply is inadequate, various techniques may be employed to enhance healing, including the placement of a blood clot between the tear edges, creating small vascular access channels around the tear, or abrading the joint lining to promote bleeding. The actual repair of the meniscus is performed using sutures, absorbable tacks, or other internal fixation devices. After the repair, the knee joint is thoroughly flushed with saline solution to eliminate any debris. Finally, the joint capsule is closed, followed by a layered closure of the overlying soft tissue, and a compressive dressing is applied to support the healing process.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure described by CPT® Code 27403 is indicated for the following conditions:

  • Torn Meniscus A tear in the meniscus, particularly in the outer vascular region where healing is possible due to adequate blood supply.
  • Joint Pain Persistent pain in the knee that may be associated with meniscal injury.
  • Joint Swelling Swelling in the knee joint that may indicate underlying meniscal damage.
  • Limited Range of Motion Difficulty in moving the knee joint fully, which may be a result of a meniscus tear.

2. Procedure

The procedure involves several critical steps to ensure effective repair of the meniscus:

  • Step 1: Skin Incision A skin incision is made over the knee compartment that is affected by the meniscus tear. This incision provides access to the joint for further evaluation and intervention.
  • Step 2: Joint Capsule Incision The joint capsule is incised to allow the surgeon to inspect the knee joint thoroughly. This step is essential for identifying any additional issues such as disease, injury, or infection that may be present.
  • Step 3: Inspection and Probing The knee joint is inspected, and the torn meniscus is located. The extent of the tear is assessed by probing, which helps determine the appropriate course of action for repair.
  • Step 4: Preparation of Tear Edges The edges of the meniscus tear are prepared using a small rasp or motorized shaver. This preparation is crucial for ensuring that the surfaces are conducive to healing.
  • Step 5: Evaluation of Blood Supply The blood supply to the meniscus is evaluated. If the blood supply is deemed questionable, additional techniques may be employed to enhance healing.
  • Step 6: Enhancement of Healing To promote healing, a blood clot may be placed between the opposing edges of the tear, small vascular access channels may be created around the periphery of the tear, or the joint lining may be abraded to encourage bleeding.
  • Step 7: Meniscus Repair The meniscus is repaired using sutures, absorbable tacks, or other internal fixation devices, ensuring that the tear is properly aligned for optimal healing.
  • Step 8: Joint Flushing The knee joint is flushed with saline solution to remove any debris that may have accumulated during the procedure, ensuring a clean environment for healing.
  • Step 9: Closure of Joint Capsule The joint capsule is closed securely to restore the integrity of the knee joint.
  • Step 10: Layered Closure of Soft Tissue A layered closure of the overlying soft tissue is performed to ensure proper healing and minimize scarring.
  • Step 11: Application of Dressing A compressive dressing is applied to the knee to support the healing process and reduce swelling.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care following an arthrotomy with meniscus repair includes monitoring for any signs of complications such as infection or excessive swelling. Patients are typically advised to rest the knee and may be instructed to use crutches to avoid putting weight on the joint during the initial recovery phase. Physical therapy may be recommended to restore range of motion and strength in the knee. Follow-up appointments are essential to assess the healing process and determine when the patient can gradually return to normal activities.

Short Descr REPAIR OF KNEE CARTILAGE
Medium Descr ARTHROTOMY W/MENISCUS REPAIR KNEE
Long Descr Arthrotomy with meniscus repair, knee
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 090 - Major Surgery
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 1 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures applies.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 2 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery does not apply to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 1 - Co-surgeons could be paid, though supporting documentation is required...
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Hospital Part B services paid through a comprehensive APC
ASC Payment Indicator Device-intensive procedure added to ASC list in CY 2008 or later; paid at adjusted rate.
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P3D - Major procedure, orthopedic - other
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 151 - Excision of semilunar cartilage of knee
22 Increased procedural services: when the work required to provide a service is substantially greater than typically required, it may be identified by adding modifier 22 to the usual procedure code. documentation must support the substantial additional work and the reason for the additional work (ie, increased intensity, time, technical difficulty of procedure, severity of patient's condition, physical and mental effort required). note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
50 Bilateral procedure: unless otherwise identified in the listings, bilateral procedures that are performed at the same session, should be identified by adding modifier 50 to the appropriate 5 digit code. note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
58 Staged or related procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was: (a) planned or anticipated (staged); (b) more extensive than the original procedure; or (c) for therapy following a surgical procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 58 to the staged or related procedure. note: for treatment of a problem that requires a return to the operating/procedure room (eg, unanticipated clinical condition), see modifier 78.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
62 Two surgeons: when 2 surgeons work together as primary surgeons performing distinct part(s) of a procedure, each surgeon should report his/her distinct operative work by adding modifier 62 to the procedure code and any associated add-on code(s) for that procedure as long as both surgeons continue to work together as primary surgeons. each surgeon should report the co-surgery once using the same procedure code. if additional procedure(s) (including add-on procedure(s) are performed during the same surgical session, separate code(s) may also be reported with modifier 62 added. note: if a co-surgeon acts as an assistant in the performance of additional procedure(s), other than those reported with the modifier 62, during the same surgical session, those services may be reported using separate procedure code(s) with modifier 80 or modifier 82 added, as appropriate.
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
80 Assistant surgeon: surgical assistant services may be identified by adding modifier 80 to the usual procedure number(s).
82 Assistant surgeon (when qualified resident surgeon not available): the unavailability of a qualified resident surgeon is a prerequisite for use of modifier 82 appended to the usual procedure code number(s).
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
AS Physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist services for assistant at surgery
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
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Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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