CPT® Code 87265

The CPT® Code 87265 refers to a laboratory test specifically designed for the detection of antigens associated with the infectious agents Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis using an immunofluorescent technique. This test is crucial in diagnosing whooping cough, a highly contagious upper respiratory infection that manifests through severe coughing fits, an inspiratory whoop sound, and post-tussive vomiting. Bordetella pertussis is known for causing the more severe form of the disease, while Bordetella parapertussis typically results in milder symptoms and a shorter duration of illness, as it does not produce a toxin. Both pathogens can infect individuals simultaneously, complicating the clinical picture. The test is applicable across all age groups for B. pertussis infections, whereas B. parapertussis infections are predominantly observed in children under the age of 10. To perform the test, a respiratory sample is collected via nasopharyngeal swab, aspirate, or washing. This sample is then treated with a detecting reagent that contains specific antibodies targeting B. pertussis and B. parapertussis, along with a counterstain. The sample is examined under an epifluorescence microscope, where the presence of the antigens will result in a distinct color change due to the binding of antibodies to the antigens. While this immunofluorescent test offers a quicker turnaround time compared to traditional culture methods and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), it is important to note that it may be less sensitive in detecting the pathogens.