CPT® Code 81525

Oncology (colon), mRNA, gene expression profiling by real-time RT-PCR of 12 genes (7 content and 5 housekeeping), utilizing formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, algorithm reported as a recurrence score

The CPT® Code 81525 pertains to a specialized procedure known as gene expression profiling specifically for colon cancer. This procedure involves analyzing a tissue sample obtained from a patient, typically during a colonoscopy or surgical resection. The focus of this profiling is to assess the expression levels of certain genes, which can provide critical insights into the tumor's biological behavior. Gene expression profiling examines the activity of genes by measuring the production of messenger RNA (mRNA) or proteins, indicating which genes are actively contributing to cellular functions and which are not. In the context of colon cancer, this analysis is particularly valuable for patients diagnosed with Stage II colon cancer, as it helps in predicting the likelihood of cancer recurrence. The procedure utilizes formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, which is a common method for preserving biological samples. A total of 12 genes are evaluated, including 7 genes that are directly associated with colon cancer and 5 housekeeping genes that serve as reference points for the analysis. The results of this gene expression profiling are processed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology, and a computer algorithm generates a recurrence score. This score aids healthcare providers in making informed decisions regarding the necessity and potential benefits of adjunct treatments following surgical intervention.