CPT® Code 22851

Deleted

Application of intervertebral biomechanical device(s) (eg, synthetic cage(s), methylmethacrylate) to vertebral defect or interspace (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)

The CPT® Code 22851 refers to the application of intervertebral biomechanical device(s), which may include synthetic cages or methylmethacrylate, to a vertebral defect or interspace. This procedure is performed in conjunction with a primary spinal arthrodesis (fusion) procedure and is reported separately. Intervertebral biomechanical devices, also known as interbody fusion devices, are critical in spinal surgeries as they are designed to be placed within the intervertebral disc space. Their primary function is to provide structural support and stability, thereby preventing the collapse of the disc space following the removal of damaged or degenerated disc material. The types of devices used can vary, including cylindrical threaded titanium cages, vertebral interbody rings, or boxes, as well as methylmethacrylate cement. The process of applying these devices involves several preparatory steps, which include the meticulous removal of the nucleus pulposus, reaming of the disc space, and possibly creating drill holes for the insertion of screws or bone dowels. A distraction device is utilized to separate the vertebral bodies, allowing for the proper placement of the selected intervertebral biomechanical device into the disc space. Depending on the type of device used, additional steps may be required, such as fixing titanium devices with screws and packing them with bone grafts, or ensuring that methylmethacrylate is properly applied to avoid complications such as leakage into the epidural space. This detailed approach ensures that the biomechanical device effectively supports the spine during the healing process following the primary surgical intervention.