CPT® Code 80371

The CPT® Code 80371 refers to a laboratory test specifically designed to measure synthetic stimulants in urine. Synthetic stimulants are a class of drugs that include substances such as methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), mephedrone (commonly known as Meph or MCat), Butylone (bk-MBDB), cathinone (Khat), ethylone (MDEC, bk-MDEA), benzylpiperazine (BZP), meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), and 3-Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP). These substances are not indicated for any medical use and are primarily associated with recreational abuse. The mechanism of action for these synthetic stimulants involves the inhibition of neurotransmitter removal—specifically dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin—at the synapses in the brain. This inhibition can lead to a range of effects, including euphoria, increased physical activity, prolonged wakefulness, and in some cases, severe psychological symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, which may result in violent behavior towards oneself or others. The testing process involves obtaining a urine sample, which can be collected through random voiding or catheterization. The sample is then analyzed using advanced techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry or quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, particularly when testing for MDPV.