CPT® Code 86720

The CPT® Code 86720 refers to a laboratory test specifically designed to measure antibodies against Leptospira, a type of spirochete bacteria that can infect both humans and animals. This test is crucial for diagnosing leptospirosis, a disease that is primarily transmitted through direct contact with the mucous membranes of infected animals or through exposure to soil contaminated with the urine of chronic carrier animals. Individuals working in high-risk occupations, such as those in the farming, agriculture, fishing industries, veterinarians, pet shop employees, and slaughterhouse workers, are particularly susceptible to this infection. Additionally, recreational activities such as water sports and hiking can also pose a risk of exposure. Leptospirosis can present in two distinct forms: anicteric and icteric. The anicteric form is characterized by mild, self-limiting flu-like symptoms that can include sudden onset of headache, fever, muscle pain, sore throat, cough, conjunctivitis, and rash. In contrast, the icteric form, also known as Weil's disease, is more severe and can lead to serious complications such as fever, jaundice, renal failure, and hemorrhage, potentially affecting multiple organs including the heart, lungs, and central nervous system. To perform this test, a blood sample is collected through a procedure known as venipuncture, which is reported separately. The serum obtained from the blood is then analyzed for total antibodies using a semi-quantitative indirect hemagglutination method, as well as for IgM antibodies through qualitative immunoblot testing.